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干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1971-1982.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.567 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024567

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国国家级自然保护区时空分布特征与空间网络构建

李鸿飞1,2(), 常凯1,2()   

  1. 1.兰州理工大学设计艺术学院,甘肃 兰州 730050
    2.东南大学城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室西北中心,甘肃 兰州 730050
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-22 修回日期:2024-11-11 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 常凯(1997-),男,硕士,主要从事城乡历史文化遗产保护研究. E-mail: qqqck0907@163.com
  • 作者简介:李鸿飞(1977-),男,硕士,教授,主要从事人居空间环境与城乡历史遗产保护研究. E-mail: Lhf117@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJA760047)

Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and spatial network construction of national nature reserves in China

LI Hongfei1,2(), CHANG Kai1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Design and Art, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
    2. Northwest Center of Key Laboratory of Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
  • Received:2024-09-22 Revised:2024-11-11 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26

摘要: 选取474处国家级自然保护区为研究对象,运用核密度估计探究1956—2023年中国国家级自然保护区的时空分布格局,进而运用社会网络分析模型测度其网络属性特征并提出整合保护策略。结果表明:(1)中国国家级自然保护区的发展大致可划分为“初步探索、蓬勃发展、缓慢发展和巩固完善”4个阶段,并形成“西部大而散、东部小而聚”的空间格局。(2)拓扑结果表明,国家级自然保护区网络中节点凝聚性较强,具有小世界性,“核心-边缘”效应显著。(3)在网络空间格局上,保护集群空间异质明显,形成了以长江中下游、东北平原及长白山地区及青藏高原为顶点的“三角形”保护区聚集网络骨架。基于国家级自然保护区集群的自然禀赋以及地理区位条件,从聚集网络视角出发,提出相应的整合保护策略,以期对自然保护区的整合优化提供参考借鉴。

关键词: 国家级自然保护区, 社会网络分析, 时空分布特征, 空间格局, 整合保护策略

Abstract:

This study examines 474 national nature reserves in China from 1956 to 2023, utilizing kernel density estimation to analyze their spatiotemporal distribution patterns. A social network analysis model is then employed to measure the attributes of these reserves and to propose integrated protection strategies. The findings reveal the following. (1) The evolution of China’s national nature reserves can be categorized into four distinct stages: Preliminary exploration, vigorous development, slow development, and consolidation and improvement. This development has resulted in a spatial pattern characterized by large and scattered reserves in the west, and small and clustered reserves in the east. (2) Topological analysis reveals that the nodes within the national nature reserve network exhibit strong cohesion, small-world characteristics, and a prominent “core-periphery” effect. (3) The network’s spatial pattern demonstrates significant heterogeneity among protection clusters, forming a “triangular” framework for reserve aggregation, with key vertices located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Northeast Plain, the Changbai Mountain area, and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Based on the natural endowments and geographic conditions of these reserve clusters, we propose corresponding integrated protection strategies from the perspective of the association network, aimed at providing guidance for the integration and optimization of nature reserves.

Key words: national nature reserves, social network analysis, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, spatial pattern, integrated protection strategies