新疆天山山区夏季降水日变化特征及其与海拔高度关系

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.057

干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 57-65.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.057

新疆天山山区夏季降水日变化特征及其与海拔高度关系

郭玉琳^1,²(),赵勇²(),周雅蔓^2,³,黄秋霞⁴,余贞谊^2,⁵,顾张杰¹

1.新疆阿勒泰地区气象局,新疆阿勒泰 836500
2.成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都 610225
3.新疆维吾尔自治区气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002
4.新疆昌吉回族自治州气象局,新疆昌吉 831100
5.江西省庐山市气象局,江西九江 332900

收稿日期:2021-02-01 修回日期:2021-09-15 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-01-21
通讯作者: 赵勇
作者简介:郭玉琳（1992-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区气候变化研究. E-mail: 562939249@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划专项(2018YFC1507103);四川省科技计划(2020JDJQ0050);国家自然科学基金(41875102)

Diurnal variation of summer precipitation and its relationship with altitude in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang

GUO Yulin^1,²(),ZHAO Yong²(),ZHOU Yaman^2,³,HUANG Qiuxia⁴,YU Zhenyi^2,⁵,GU Zhangjie¹

1. Altay Prefecture Meteorological Bureau, Altay 836500, Xinjiang, China
2. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China
3. Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China
4. Changji Meteorological Bureau, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China
5. Lushan Meteorological Bureau, Jiujiang 332900, Jiangxi, China

Received:2021-02-01 Revised:2021-09-15 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-01-21
Contact: Yong ZHAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天山山区是新疆干旱区降水最为充沛的区域,已有针对该区域降水的研究大多使用日降水及以上尺度资料,降水日变化特征分析相对较少。基于天山山区11个国家气象站2012—2018年夏季（6—8月）逐小时降水资料,分析降水特征量（包括降水量、降水频次和降水强度）的日变化特征,揭示降水与海拔高度的关系。结果表明：总降水量和总降水频次的峰值出现在20:00—22:00,谷值出现在12:00—13:00。夜间降水多于白天,主要由长时降水贡献。总降水强度呈现出白天整体增强、夜间偏弱的特征。降水与海拔高度密切联系,小雨等级降水在高海拔山区频发,在海拔2000 m左右存在一个最大降水带。

关键词: 降水量, 降水频次, 降水强度, 日变化, 海拔

Abstract:

The Tianshan Mountains receive more precipitation than the rest of the Xinjiang arid zone. Previous studies investigated the precipitation variation in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, China, by using daily and monthly precipitation data, but they did not focus on the diurnal variation of summer precipitation. Summer (June to August) hourly precipitation data covering 11 meteorological stations in Tianshan Mountains during 2012—2018 revealed the characteristics of diurnal variation, including the amount, occurrence, and intensity of precipitation. The relationship between terrain height and precipitation is investigated. The main conclusions are as follows: The peak values of total precipitation and total precipitation frequency occur from 20:00 to 22:00 Beijing time, and the valley values occur from 12:00 to 13:00. Precipitation mainly occurs at night (21:00—08:00), and the total precipitation is mainly contributed by long-term precipitation. The intensity of total precipitation shows an increasing trend during the day (09:00—20:00) and an opposite variation at night. The precipitation is related to terrain height and light rain frequently occurs at high altitudes. The maximum rainy belt is found at an altitude of about 2000 m.

Key words: precipitation, precipitation frequency, precipitation intensity, diurnal variation, altitude

郭玉琳,赵勇,周雅蔓,黄秋霞,余贞谊,顾张杰. 新疆天山山区夏季降水日变化特征及其与海拔高度关系[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(1): 57-65.

GUO Yulin,ZHAO Yong,ZHOU Yaman,HUANG Qiuxia,YU Zhenyi,GU Zhangjie. Diurnal variation of summer precipitation and its relationship with altitude in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(1): 57-65.

图/表 8

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站点名称	站点号	站点类别	经度/E	纬度/N	海拔/m
尼勒克	51433	国家基本气象站	82°31′	43°48′	1105.3
特克斯	51438	国家气象观测站	81°46′	43°11′	1210.4
巴里坤	52101	国家基本气象站	93°03′	43°36′	1679.4
伊吾	52118	国家基本气象站	94°42′	43°16′	1728.6
巴仑台	51467	国家基本气象站	86°20′	42°46′	1732.4
昭苏	51437	国家基准气候站	81°08′	43°09′	1851.0
小渠子	51465	国家气象观测站	87°06′	43°29′	1871.8
乌鲁木齐牧试站	51469	国家基本气象站	87°11′	43°27′	1930.0
天池	51470	国家基准气候站	88°07′	43°53′	1942.5
巴音布鲁克	51542	国家基本气象站	84°09′	43°02′	2458.0
天山大西沟	51468	国家气象观测站	86°50′	43°06′	3539.0

新疆天山山区夏季降水日变化特征及其与海拔高度关系

Diurnal variation of summer precipitation and its relationship with altitude in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang

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