塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘地区生态林业效益分析与发展路径研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 21 世纪以来，生态建设、绿色发展成为经济社会协调发展的重要内容，尤其对沙尘暴频繁、沙进人退现象严重、自然生态环境脆弱的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘地区，生态文明建设意义深远。为此，以塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘地区麦盖提县为例，通过对麦盖提县概况与生态林业建设现状进行概述，运用生态学、经济学等相关理论方法从生态效益、经济效益、社会效益三个方面进行分析评估。结果表明：麦盖提县生态林建设带来的生态效益价值为5.43×10⁸元，经济效益价值为25.84×10⁸元，提供就业岗位6 300 个，解决5 243 人就业问题。生态林业发展效益明显，对于促进新疆政治社会和谐稳定、生态环境改善、经济繁荣可持续、广大群众脱贫致富意义重大。

关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 生态林, 效益分析, 发展路径

Abstract: In the 21^st century, the construction of ecological civilization and green development becomes an important part of economic and social harmonious development, especially in the natural ecological environment fragile area on the edge of Taklimakan Desert where there are frequent sandstorms and serious desert expansion. Construction of ecological civilization is of far-reaching significance. Therefore, taking Markit County in Taklimakan Desert edge area as an example, through field investigation and site survey, visiting the forestry bureau, bureau of animal husbandry, development and reform commission, agriculture and other departments, we got a understand of the general situation and the present condition of the ecological forestry construction in Martit County; meanwhile, by using the theory of ecology, economics and other related methods, we selected nine indicators from three aspects including ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits for evaluation, and concluded an ecological forestry development path on the edge of Taklimakan Desert under the background of construction of ecological civilization and low carbon economy, it can provide a real foundation and references for the management of Taklimakan Desert and the balance of ecological environment. Results show that on the edge of Taklimakan Desert areas, the ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit of ecological forest construction are remarkable, and the total benefit value reached 3.127 billion Yuan; therein, the ecological benefits in 2015 valued 543 million Yuan, the economic benefits valued 2 584 billion Yuan; it helped improve soil for 46 142.5 hm², promoted industrial structure adjustment, provided 6 300 employment posts, and solved jobs for 5 243 people. The ecological forestry construction is of far-reaching significance for promoting political and social harmony and stability, improving ecological environment, pushing up economic prosperity, realizing economic sustainable development, and helping people out of poverty to get rich in Xinjiang.

Key words: Taklimakan Desert, Markit County, eco-forest, development path

中图分类号:

F062.2

翟浩明, 石晶. 塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘地区生态林业效益分析与发展路径研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(2): 462-468.

ZHAI Hao-ming, SHI Jing. Ecological forestry eficiency analysis and development path of edge area of Taklimakan Desert[J]. , 2017, 40(2): 462-468.

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