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干旱区地理 ›› 2013, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 724-730.

• 地球信息科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中亚地区土地沙漠化遥感监测——以土库曼斯坦为例

张严俊1，2，塔西甫拉提·特依拜1，2，夏军1，2，姜红涛1，2，吴雪梅1，2   

  1. 1    新疆大学 资源与环境科学学院， 新疆    乌鲁木齐    830046；2    新疆大学 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室， 新疆    乌鲁木齐    830046
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-06 修回日期:2013-02-11 出版日期:2013-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 塔西甫拉提·特依拜（1958-），男，新疆伊犁人，维吾尔族，教授，博士生导师，干旱地区遥感定量研究. Email：tash@xju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张严俊（1987-），男，安徽阜阳人，硕士研究生，主要研究领域为干旱区资源与遥感技术应用. Email：xdzhangyanjun@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家国际科技合作项目（2010DFA92720-12）

Desertification monitoring with remote sensing in the Central Asia：a case of Turkmenistan

ZHANG  Yan-jun1，2，TIYIP  Tashpolat1，2，XIA  Jun1，2，JIANG  Hong-tao1，2，WU  Xue-mei1，2   

  1. 1   College  of  Resources  and  Environment  Sciences, Xinjiang  University, Urumqi  830046, Xinjiang, China;2   Key  Laboratory  of  Oasis  Ecology  under  Ministry  of  Education, Xinjiang  University, Urumqi  830046, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2012-12-06 Revised:2013-02-11 Online:2013-07-25

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摘要： 以土库曼斯坦国为例，以MODIS遥感影像为数据源，通过地表反照率和植被指数建立Albedo-NDVI特征空间，并对Albedo-NDVI特征空间含义进行扩展，建立沙漠化分级指数模型，提取2000-2012年间土地沙漠化动态信息，在此基础上研究沙漠化土地时空变化特征。研究表明：（1）13 a来，土库曼斯坦地区土地沙漠化面积总体呈减少趋势，沙漠化总面积减少了9 332.61 km2，但沙漠化程度加深，极重度沙漠化和重度沙漠化面积分别增加了2 173.27 km2和43 428.47 km2；（2）极重度沙漠化和重度沙漠化面积的增加主要由轻度沙漠化转化而来，非沙漠化土地在13 a间增加了9 332.61 km2，占非沙漠化土地的12.4%；（3）2000-2012年，13 a间各沙漠化土地类型的重心呈现由西北向东南迁移，再向北迁移的过程，平均向北迁移了89.55 km，其中轻度沙漠化重心迁移最为明显，为148.41 km。

关键词: 土库曼斯坦, Albedo-NDVI特征空间, 沙漠化, 遥感监测

Abstract: Based on the desertification’s dynamic monitoring and evaluation, its impact on ecosystems has made significant progress in recent 40 years. Land desertification is one of the common problems facing the world today. More than 80% of the Turkmenistan territory is occupied by the deserts, covering an area of 410 000 km2 and land degradation is a particularly serious problem. In the past 30 years, the human activity became a major factor affecting Turkmenistan oasis desertification. The degradation of land and ecological environment has been the great concerning subject. This paper takes Turkmenistan as the study area，and the MODIS imagery as the data sources. Through the surface Albedo and vegetation index，the Albedo-NDVI characteristics space was built up. The Albedo-NDVI meaning of the feature space can be extended, so the desertification graded index model can be established. The land desertification dynamic information was extracted from the past 13 years data, the study on the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of land desertification was carried out. The results show that in the past 13 years，Turkmenistan desertification land area was in a downwards trend, the total area of desertification lands was decreased by 9 332.61 km2. However, the desertification degrees were increased, the areas of extremely severe desertification and severe desertification lands were added by 2 173.27 km2 and 43 428.47 km2，respectively. The light desertification lands were translated into the extremely severe desertification and severe desertification lands. The non-desertification lands were gone up by 9 332.61 km2 in the past 13 years，accounting for 12.4% of the non-desertification lands. In the past 13 years，the central areas of all kinds of desertification lands were removed from the northwest to the southeast and northwards again，the average northwards-removing distance being 89.55 km. Among them，the migration of light desertificaton lands is the most obvious, about 148.41 km.

Key words: Turkmenistan, Albedo-NDVI feature space, desertification, remote sensing monitoring

中图分类号: 

  • TP79