关键词: 伊犁地貌特征, 农业自然灾害, 农业生态脆弱带

Abstract: From a view point of sustainable development of agricultural production in Ili region, this paper analyzes the basic morphologic features and their direct and indirect impacts to agricultural production. It is expounded that Ili region is characterized by more mountains. The mountainous and plain areas occupy 75.2%and only 24.4% respectively in the total land area of 5.63×10⁴km². The mountains are high and steep and the morphologic vertical zones are obvious, i. e. in a succession of extremely alpine or alpine zone of glaciation and snowcover action, periglacial alpine zone, erosion mid-mountainous zone, erosion low-mountain zone and loess-covered hills, alluvia- l diluvial sloped plains, and alluvia-l diluvial plains. These geomorphic types appear in a ring-zone way, and such a geomorphic pattern, surrounded by mountains on its northern, eastern and southern sides respectively, has a great impact to climate and agricultural production conditions in Ili region. The high mountain bodies on the southern and northern sides can shut out the dry-hot air current from both Tarim Basin and Junggar Basin and can be benefited by the humid air current of prevailing westerly wind, the high mountain body on the northern side can shut out the dry-cold air current from the north to form an inversion layer, plentiful water resources, and suitable climatic conditions for the local agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. Therefore, Ili region has the vast fine mountainous areas and land resources with high fertility on the vast alluvia-l diluvial plains where it is suitable for growing many crops. In Ili region with the favorable natural conditions, however, some ecological environment problems occur after an irrational development for 50 years, such as degeneration of forests and grasslands, lowering of soil fertility, frequent occurrence of floods and droughts, serious soil erosion, enlargement of the areas of secondary salinization, swampization and desertification, which restrict the economic development in this region. In order to guarantee a sustainable development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, some measures are suggested in the paper, which include to plant wind-break forests, protect the river-valley forests, close hillsides to facilitate afforestation, enhance protection and construction of grasslands, implement herbage-crop rotation, transform meso-yield and low-yield land, enlarge the growing area of cash crops, etc. for achieving a virtuous circle in economic returns and ecological environment benefits.

Key words: morphologic feature, agricultural ecological environment, Ili region