中条山北麓河流地貌参数及其新构造意义

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2018.05.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于数字高程模型（DEM）及地理信息系统（GIS）技术，系统提取和分析了中条山北麓河流坡降指标、河道陡峭指数及面积高程积分等河流地貌参数。研究表明：河流坡降指标、河道陡峭指数及面积高程积分在永济至解州一带表现出较高的值；综合分析岩性、降水及构造等因素可知，新构造运动是控制中条山北麓河流地貌发育的主要因素，自北向南总体表现出增强的趋势，在永济南活动最强。前人研究表明，中条山北麓断裂晚第四纪以来构造活跃，全新世以来仍有多次活动，但不同部位活动强度各异，解州段晚更新世晚期以来滑动速率相比韩阳段及夏县段高，极高值在出现在永济南一带。可见，基于河流地貌参数获得的中条山北麓新构造运动强弱与断裂晚第四纪以来的活动强弱一致。

关键词: 中条山北麓, 河流地貌参数, 新构造运动

Abstract: Based on the Digital Elevation Model and Geographic Information System technology,we extract and analyze the geomorphic parameters which include stream length-gradient index,channel steepness index and hypsometric integral of the northern piedmont of the Zhongtiao Mountain,Shanxi Province,China.The results showed that the values of stream length-gradient index,channel steepness index and hypsometric integral index were increased gradually from north to south in general and the high values of the parameters were all distributed in the south part between Yongji and Haizhou.The knickpoints which represent the spatial or temporal adjustment of tectonic movement are densely distributed in the part south of Haizhou whereas in the part north of Haizhou the knickpoints were distributed sporadically.Comprehensively analyzing the main factors including rocks,precipitation and tectonics that affect geomorphic parameters,we reached the conclusion that tectonics is the major factor that controls the development of the watershed topographic features and the tectonic activity was increased gradually from the north to the south.The northern piedmont tectonic activity of the Zhongtiao Mountain is mainly controlled by the northern Zhongtiao Mountain Fault according to regional geological tectonic background.The field geological investigation combined with previous studies show that the north Zhongtiao Mountian Fault can be divided into the south section,the middle section,and the north section according to their different geometric trending and fault activities by Xiyaowen village and Mohe village.Fault slip rate which is an important index to judge fault activity in the middle section is higher than that in the south and the north sections and the maximum value is distributed in the south of Yongji.The tectonic activity of the north piedmont of Zhongtiao Mountain gained from geomorphic parameters is consistent with the fault activity since the late Quaternary.In the north section,as the weak fault activity,we can see the flat pediment which is retreated by the long-term erosion of the Zhongtiao Mountain is as wide as 10 km.However,in the middle section,steep mountain landforms are formed due to the constant strong tectonic activity,and they become more and more striking from the north to the south.The highest peak Snow Mountain which is located at the south of Yongji shows that in this part the fault is the most active,and this is consistent with the high value obtained from geomorphic parameters.Utilize the river geomorphic parameters as the study objects of the tectonic activity can effectively reflect the regional tectonic movement.It provides a new perspective for discussing the relative activity strength in river drainage.

Key words: the northern piedmont of the Zhongtiao Mountain, river geomorphic parameter, neotectonic movement

中图分类号:

P931.2

徐伟, 袁兆德, 刘志成, 高战武. 中条山北麓河流地貌参数及其新构造意义[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(5): 1009-1017.

XU Wei, YUAN Zhao-de, LIU Zhi-cheng, GAO Zhan-wu. River geomorphic parameters and their neotectonic significance of the northern piedmont of the Zhongtiao Mountain[J]. 干旱区地理, 2018, 41(5): 1009-1017.

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