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干旱区地理 ›› 2001, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 80-85.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2001.01.014

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塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地复合沙垄的流场和上覆沙丘组合及动态特征

李恒鹏1, 陈广庭2, 薛东前1   

  1. 1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008;
    2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2000-07-24 修回日期:2000-12-21 发布日期:2025-12-31

WIND FIELD OVER COMPLEX DUNE-CHAINS AND THE DYNAMIC FEATURES OF THE DUNES OVERLYING ON THE DUNE-CHAINS IN THE HINTERLAND OF TAKLAMAKAN DESERT

LI Hengpen1, CHEN Guangting2, Xue Dongqian1   

  1. 1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and L imnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. Cold and Arid Regions Engineering research Institute, Chinese Academy of sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2000-07-24 Revised:2000-12-21 Online:2025-12-31

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摘要： 复合沙垄是最大的沙丘地貌类型之一, 表现为简单沙丘类型的垂直叠加和水平连接, 在沙垄的高大地形影响下, 沙垄不同部位形成不同的风沙环境特征。以塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地/复合沙垄为例, 通过野外实地观测研究其流场和上覆沙丘组合特征。研究结果表明, 复合沙垄的流场可分为沙垄迎风坡气流加速区、沙垄背风坡气流转向减速区、垄间粗沙平地气流风速风向恢复区和气流风速稳定区。受沙垄流场和地形的控制, 沙垄上覆新月形沙丘链, 垄间地分布有简单新月形沙丘、沙堆、沙片、侵蚀地、简单线形沙丘。上覆沙丘分布特征表现为:垄间地上覆新月形沙丘疏密度较小, 沙垄迎风坡和沙垄背风坡上覆新月形沙丘疏密度较大, 而且超过1, 说明沙垄迎背风坡上覆沙丘有叠置现象。沙垄上覆沙丘高度自沙垄迎风坡底部到顶部增高, 背风坡上覆沙丘高度自沙垄顶部到背风坡底部减小, 上覆沙丘在自身形态、地形和流场的共同影响下, 存在相对运动, 表现为分布进一步集中, 因此沙垄有增高的趋势。

关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 复合沙垄, 垄间地, 上覆沙丘, 流场模式

Abstract: The complex dune-chain is one of the main dune types in Taklamakan Desert. According to the field investigation, the height and width of the complex dune-chains vary in ranges of 55～95 and 1300～1700 m respectively. The meteorological observation shows that the wind direction of the prevailing wind in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert is NEE. This paper studies the wind field over the complex dune-chains and composition and the dynamic features of the dunes overlying on the dune-chains in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert. The results show that the wind field over the complex dune-chains can be divided four areas, i. e. the speeding up area on windward slope, speeding-down area on leeward slope, speed-recovering area and speed-stable area. The overlying dunes are characterized by the low density of barchans in the inerdune corridors and high density on the windward slope of the dune-chains, which shows that there is a dune superposition on the windward and leeward slopes.

Key words: Taklamakan Desert, complex dune-chain, interdune corridor, overlying dune, wind field

中图分类号: 

  • P931.3