近30 a台特玛湖地区土地利用/土地覆被变化及其影响因素

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.04.15

干旱区地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 1022-1031.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.04.15

近30 a台特玛湖地区土地利用/土地覆被变化及其影响因素

贾丹阳^1,^2,³(),熊祯祯^1,^2,³,高岩^1,^2,³,张杰华^1,^2,³,王姝怡^1,^2,³,赵元杰^1,^2,³()

1.河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院,河北石家庄 050024
2.河北省环境演变与生态建设实验室,河北石家庄 050024
3.河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心,河北石家庄 050024

收稿日期:2020-03-19 修回日期:2020-12-25 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-08-02
通讯作者: 赵元杰
作者简介:贾丹阳（1995-）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事区域生态与环境变化研究. E-mail: 15233618939@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41877448);河北师范大学博士（后）基金项目(L052018B01)

Land use/land cover change and influencing factors in the Taitema Lake in the past 30 years

JIA Danyang^1,^2,³(),XIONG Zhenzhen^1,^2,³,GAO Yan^1,^2,³,ZHANG Jiehua^1,^2,³,WANG Shuyi^1,^2,³,ZHAO Yuanjie^1,^2,³()

1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
3. Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change; Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China

Received:2020-03-19 Revised:2020-12-25 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-02
Contact: Yuanjie ZHAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土地利用/土地覆被变化对干旱区生态环境变化有明确的指示意义。基于台特玛湖地区1988—2017年Landsat遥感数据、土地利用数据和气象站观测数据,运用均值法、线性趋势分析法、Pearson相关性分析法、主成分分析法等,分析了近30 a来台特玛湖地区土地利用/土地覆被类型、植被NDVI（Normalized difference vegetation index）变化及其影响因素。结果表明：土地利用/土地覆被以草地为主,草地和耕地面积均呈下降趋势,林地呈上升趋势;植被NDVI总体呈上升趋势,但上升趋势较缓;植被NDVI整体偏低,仅在台特玛湖湖区周围水分条件比较好的地区稍高;植被NDVI与气温和降水具有一定相关性;生态输水对该地区的植被状况改善起到了促进作用。

关键词: 土地利用, 植被NDVI, 生态环境, 台特玛湖

Abstract:

Changes in land use/land cover are a clear indication of changes in the ecological environment of arid areas. This paper utilizes land use data, on the basis of Landsat remote sensing data with a spatial resolution of 30 m, and observation data from meteorological stations in the Taitema Lake region, South Xinjiang, China between 1988 and 2017 to study the Kanlake wet land, approximately 30-km northwest of Taitema Lake, that was formed after the Taitema Lake and Qarqan River changed course. The land use/land cover type and the vegetation NDVI(Normalized difference vegetation index) change and its influencing factors in the Taitema Lake area over the past 30 years have been analyzed using the mean value method, the linear trend analysis method, the Pearson correlation analysis method, and the principal component analysis method. The results show that the land use/land cover has been dominated by grassland. The area of grassland and cultivated land showed a decreasing trend, whereas that of woodland showed an increasing trend. The NDVI of the vegetation showed an overall increasing trend, but this increasing trend was slow, which indicates that the ecological environment in this region has, on the whole, been developing toward improvement. The NDVI of the vegetation was also generally low, and it was only slightly higher in the area with good water conditions around Taitema Lake; the vegetation NDVI is restricted by both water and heat conditions, among which the effects of the lake temperature and relative humidity are more significant. The variation of the grassland NDVI is significantly affected by spring temperature and summer precipitation, and the NDVI of the forest land and cultivated land is less affected by natural factors. Ecological water transport has promoted the improvement of vegetation in this area. Further study of the evolution of the ecological environment and its corresponding relationship with influence factors in Taitema Lake area is needed both to formulate measures of vegetation recovery and growth in the study area in the construction of an ecological security barrier and the development of scientific and rational uses of water and land resources and to explore both the harmonious relationship between human activities and the evolution of the ecological environment and the scientific understanding of the region’s ecological environment status and existing problems. This paper is of important theoretical and practical significance, and it provides a data basis for carrying out ecological protection and ecological planning, both in theory and practice, and a scientific basis for the sustainable development of the economy and society, the effective protection of the ecological environment, and the sustainable utilization of natural resources in the Taitema Lake area. It also has important strategic significance in the promotion of the coordinated development of society, the economy, the environment, and various resources in the future, as well as in the construction of national sustainable development.

Key words: land use, NDVI, ecological environment, Taitema Lake

贾丹阳,熊祯祯,高岩,张杰华,王姝怡,赵元杰. 近30 a台特玛湖地区土地利用/土地覆被变化及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(4): 1022-1031.

JIA Danyang,XIONG Zhenzhen,GAO Yan,ZHANG Jiehua,WANG Shuyi,ZHAO Yuanjie. Land use/land cover change and influencing factors in the Taitema Lake in the past 30 years[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(4): 1022-1031.

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年份	草地		林地		耕地
年份	面积/km²	比例/%	面积/km²	比例/%	面积/km²	比例/%
1990	278.32	6.04	2.56	0.06	3.00	0.07
2000	442.79	9.61	11.75	0.26	36.28	0.79
2010	334.91	7.27	106.50	2.31	-	-
2017	275.38	5.97	5.87	0.13	0.24	0.01

指标	斜率变化区间	面积/km²	百分比/%
显著减少	<-0.02	42.87	0.93
轻微减少	-0.02~-0.01	151.21	2.58
保持不变	-0.01~0.01	4234.28	91.85
轻微增加	0.01~0.02	118.94	3.28
显著增加	>0.02	62.70	1.36

植被	站点	相关系数
		年均	春季	夏季	秋季	年均	春季	夏季	秋季
		气温	气温	气温	气温	降水量	降水量	降水量	降水量
年最大NDVI	若羌	-0.065	0.143	-0.008	0.036	-0.245	-0.251	-0.050	-0.124
年最大NDVI	且末	0.403^*	0.276	0.506^**	0.477^**	0.012	0.057	-0.057	0.047
草地	若羌	0.041	0.313	0.313	-0.584	-0.188	-0.345	0.074	-0.188
草地	且末	0.398	0.448	0.384	0.179	0.717	-0.242	0.822^*	0.111
林地	若羌	0.189	-0.206	0.786	-0.326	-0.233	0.331	-0.038	-0.233
林地	且末	0.047	-0.266	0.471	0.051	0.517	0.077	0.214	0.774
耕地	若羌	-0.290	-0.166	0.269	0.101	0.510	0.311	0.592	0.510
耕地	且末	0.512	0.262	0.710	0.767	0.314	0.646	-0.130	0.134
植被	站点	相关系数
		年均	春季	夏季	秋季	年均	春季	夏季	秋季
		日照时数	日照时数	日照时数	日照时数	湿度	湿度	湿度	湿度
年最大NDVI	若羌	-0.064	0.197	-0.316	-0.117	0.298	-0.024	0.248	0.381^*
年最大NDVI	且末	0.300	0.291	0.051	-0.017	-0.439^*	-0.389^*	-0.494^**	-0.277
草地	若羌	-0.622	-0.244	-0.398	-0.518	0.103	-0.061	0.400	0.047
草地	且末	0.135	0.472	0.021	0.018	0.013	-0.239	0.683	-0.090
林地	若羌	-0.804	-0.559	-0.221	-0.680	0.101	-0.072	-0.038	0.508
林地	且末	-0.484	-0.228	-0.731	-0.366	0.278	0.058	0.395	0.290
耕地	若羌	-0.628	-0.590	-0.767	0.228	0.234	0.076	0.341	0.401
耕地	且末	0.424	0.360	-0.110	-0.504	-0.489	-0.055	-0.327	-0.558

时段	主成分	β1	β2	β3	β4	β5	β6	β7	β8	β9	β10	β11	β12	特征根	方差贡献率/%	累计贡献率/%
输水前时段	P1	0.845	-0.709	0.377	0.141	0.809	0.422	0.820	0.052	0.435	-0.344	-0.695	-	3.678	33.437	33.437
	P2	0.386	0.211	0.650	-0.852	-0.170	0.473	0.439	-0.455	-0.766	0.622	0.220	-	3.014	27.400	60.836
	P3	0.142	0.599	-0.217	-0.085	0.198	0.487	0.154	0.386	-0.084	-0.565	0.389	-	1.361	12.368	73.205
	P4	0.258	0.147	0.107	-0.089	-0.356	-0.317	0.217	0.775	0.064	0.254	-0.176	-	1.081	9.827	83.031
输水后时段	P5	0.575	-0.249	0.272	-0.617	0.888	0.785	-0.591	-0.369	0.626	0.073	0.822	0.834	4.508	37.565	37.565
	P6	-0.579	0.064	0.832	-0.440	0.157	0.039	-0.338	0.457	-0.654	0.818	-0.101	0.099	2.692	22.437	60.002
	P7	-0.205	0.793	0.170	0.351	-0.152	0.136	-0.450	0.438	0.256	-0.417	0.074	0.261	1.571	13.089	73.091
	P8	0.409	0.259	0.195	-0.337	0.272	0.166	0.545	0.476	0.003	-0.202	-0.142	-0.211	1.116	9.301	82.393

近30 a台特玛湖地区土地利用/土地覆被变化及其影响因素

Land use/land cover change and influencing factors in the Taitema Lake in the past 30 years

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