2001—2023年气候因素与人类活动对甘肃省植被变化的影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.568

干旱区地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (8): 1614-1625.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.568 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2025568

2001—2023年气候因素与人类活动对甘肃省植被变化的影响

王晟军¹(), 张昊延²^,³^,⁴(), 毛龙¹, 邱晓峄¹, 陶卓琳¹, 赵莎²^,³, 颉耀文²^,³^,⁴

¹ 甘肃省土地开发整理中心，甘肃兰州 730000
² 兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃兰州 730000
³ 兰州大学青藏高原人文环境数据智能实验室，甘肃兰州 730000
⁴ 兰州大学寒旱区生态环境遥感研究中心，甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2025-10-01 修回日期:2025-11-10 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-21
通讯作者: 张昊延（1996-），男，博士研究生，主要从事生态环境遥感方面的研究. E-mail: zhhaoyan2023@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:王晟军（1982-），男，本科，主要从事生态修复方面的研究. E-mail: wangshengjun2025@163.com
基金资助:
甘肃省自然资源厅科技创新项目(202401)

Impacts of climatic factors and human activities on vegetation dynamics in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2023

WANG Shengjun¹(), ZHANG Haoyan²^,³^,⁴(), MAO Long¹, QIU Xiaoyi¹, TAO Zhuolin¹, ZHAO Sha²^,³, XIE Yaowen²^,³^,⁴

¹ Gansu Provincial Land Development and Consolidation Center, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
² College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
³ Laboratory for Intelligent Analysis of Human-Environment Systems on the Tibetan Plateau of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
⁴ Center for Remote Sensing of Ecological Environments in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received:2025-10-01 Revised:2025-11-10 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

甘肃省是我国西部重点生态屏障区，立地条件差，生态脆弱，人类活动强烈。植被是区域生态状况的“指示器”，研究其变化受气候因素和人类活动影响，对揭示甘肃省生态演化具有重要意义。采用增强植被指数、年均降水和年均气温数据，运用统计方法，分析24 a甘肃省植被变化及气候因素、人类活动对其影响。结果表明：（1）甘肃省植被的增长速率为0.0033·a^-1，森林和草地增长显著。（2）陇东黄土高原区、甘南高原区和秦巴山区植被变化稳定，占比为65.2%；陇中黄土丘陵区、河西走廊及北山地区呈现波动性，占比为35.7%。植被变化整体表现为持续性增长，甘南、陇中和河西地区局部呈持续减少的趋势。（3）气候因素驱动是植被增长的主导因素，其中降水因素呈正相关的面积占比为80.11%，气温显示出相对较弱的负影响；人类活动对植被变化的影响显示河西走廊及北山地区和陇中黄土丘陵区、陇东黄土高原区受人类活动正向影响，甘南高原区和秦巴山区局部受抑制。

关键词: 植被变化, 气候因素, 人类活动, 甘肃省

Abstract:

Gansu Province is an important ecological barrier to western China, with fragile environmental conditions and prominent anthropogenic disturbances. Vegetation is a key indicator of regional ecological status. Analyzing changes in flora in response to climatic factors and human activities is of great significance for understanding the evolution of Gansu Province’s ecology. Enhanced vegetation index, annual precipitation, and annual mean temperature data were statistically analyzed to ascertain the vegetation changes in Gansu Province over the past 24 years and assess the impacts of climate variability and human activities. The results show that: (1) Vegetation in Gansu Province exhibited an overall trend of increase, with an average growth rate of 0.0033·a^-1; forest and grasslands significantly improved. (2) Vegetation alteration was relatively more stable in eastern Gansu, the Gannan Plateau, and the Qinba Mountains, accounting for 65.2% of the study area, whereas that in central Gansu and the Hexi Corridor, accounting for 35.7%, fluctuated greatly. Overall, vegetation change was dominated by continuous improvement, although some areas within the Gannan Plateau, central Gansu, and the Hexi region exhibited continuous degradation. (3) Climatic factors were the main drivers of such a change. Precipitation was positively correlated with vegetation change in 80.11% of the area, whereas temperature was weakly negatively associated. Anthropogenic activities positively impacted vegetative growth within the Hexi Corridor and in central and eastern Gansu, whereas adversely in some areas of the Gannan Plateau and the Qinba Mountains.

Key words: vegetation dynamics, climate factors, anthropogenic activities, Gansu Province

王晟军, 张昊延, 毛龙, 邱晓峄, 陶卓琳, 赵莎, 颉耀文. 2001—2023年气候因素与人类活动对甘肃省植被变化的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2026, 49(8): 1614-1625.

WANG Shengjun, ZHANG Haoyan, MAO Long, QIU Xiaoyi, TAO Zhuolin, ZHAO Sha, XIE Yaowen. Impacts of climatic factors and human activities on vegetation dynamics in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2023[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(8): 1614-1625.

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土地覆盖类型	耕地	森林	灌木	草地	水体	冰川积雪	裸地	不透水面	湿地	合计	流出合计
耕地	41850.13	1877.55	10.01	14143.65	37.32	0.00	128.18	319.27	0.11	58366.22	16516.09
森林	241.30	33880.02	227.81	151.37	0.30	0.00	0.01	0.62	0.01	34501.44	621.42
灌木	29.74	370.01	760.37	505.84	0.07	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.03	1666.1	905.73
草地	8740.76	4459.10	288.78	128333.48	126.18	3.40	5034.43	122.64	34.34	147143.1	18809.63
水体	19.11	0.75	0.00	42.43	422.81	1.72	32.98	7.85	0.04	527.69	104.88
冰川积雪	0.00	0.03	0.00	4.23	13.44	783.98	224.84	0.00	0.00	1026.52	242.54
裸地	1796.62	1.37	0.16	8786.81	68.08	94.07	170931.97	28.61	0.03	181707.70	10775.75
不透水面	1.50	0.01	0.00	0.25	7.88	0.00	0.12	457.07	0.00	466.83	9.76
湿地	0.06	2.32	0.00	51.54	2.47	0.00	0.00	0.00	23.95	80.34	56.39

2001—2023年气候因素与人类活动对甘肃省植被变化的影响

Impacts of climatic factors and human activities on vegetation dynamics in Gansu Province from 2001 to 2023

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