关键词: 地基微波辐射计, 温度, 探空, 质量控制

Abstract: The quality control of meteorological data is a very important work in the processing of meteorological data, because the microwave radiation products are unconventional meteorological observation data, so the method of quality control for conventional meteorological observation data is not fully applicable to microwave radiometer. In order to study the quality control method on the temperature data by RPG-HATPRO-G4 type ground-based multichannel microwave radiometer and provide technical support for effective use of temperature data, this paper proposes five methods according to the rules of data itself and various types of the wrong data using the temperature data collected by RPG-HATPRO-G4 type ground-based multichannel microwave radiometer at Longde Station, Ningxia Province, China, combined with the 5-year historical sounding data from Pingliang Station, Gansu Province, China which is 49 kilometers far from the Longde Station. The five methods include extreme value check of vertical change intensity, standard deviation check of vertical change intensity, extreme value check, singular value check and invariable value check. They are further combined into three types：comprehensive check of vertical consistency, extreme value check and comprehensive check of time consistency. And then the combination check and weighted check results are given by synthesizing the three types of check results．Finally, in order to analyze the effect of these methods, we applied these methods to the collected data and compared the results with the sounding data in the same period. The results show that the data quality in the case of clear weather is better than that in the case of cloud and precipitation weather,and the data in the cloud weather is better than that in the precipitation weather. For the abovementioned 3 weather conditions, the data portion of high quality accounts for 97.86%, 97.83% and 84.21% of their corresponding overall data respectively. The data quality at each layer is basically equal, the data of poor quality are mostly contributed by the precipitation weather. Combination check and weighted check both have better ability to measure data quality and the respective quality control results are sensitive to the corresponding control parameters. The correlation analysis of the quality control results shows that the correlation is the best in the case of clear weather at each altitude, followed by the cloudy weather, and the worst for the precipitation weather, and their correlation coefficients are all at high levels. The effect of data quality control is the most obvious in the case of precipitation weather．The experiment in this study demonstrated this scheme of data quality control is feasible and provided the mechanism to distill the temperature data from the RPG-HATPRO-G4 type ground-based multichannel microwave radiometer for other applications.

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