锡北地方铁路风沙防治措施研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究高含盐细砂地区风沙流对铁路运营的影响，为该类地区铁路的设计及修建提供理论依据和实践参考，开展了以锡铁山至北霍布逊铁路线建设为实例的风沙防治措施研究。首先根据工程地质条件确定出了混凝土插板式挡沙墙与地表石方格相结合的风沙灾害防治方式；然后通过CFX软件对风沙湍流场进行了有限元数值模拟，发现了挡沙墙之间的距离对防风沙效果的影响规律；最后根据数值模拟结果得出了1.5 m高的挡沙墙之间的最佳距离为30 m，并进行了实地监测验证了其良好的防风沙效果，并基于实测数据（挡沙墙附近积沙高度达67.5 cm）推荐定期清理墙后积沙的时间3 a。

关键词: 高含盐, 风沙流, 挡沙墙, 数值模拟

Abstract: China is one of the most serious desertification countries in the world. With the development of western China, more and more new railway must be built across the desertification regions where the ecological environment is extremely vulnerable. Therefore, aeolian hazards become one of the main environmental problems threatening the railway operation safty in the region. In order to explore the influence of sand-driving wind on railway operation and provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the design and construction of the railway in high salinity and fine sand areas, the research was carried out on sand control measures in Xitieshan to North Hobson railway construction in Qinghai Province, China. Firstly, the railway is in the fine sand area with high salinity, and plants in this area are difficult to survive. Vegetation protection has no effect. So the combination of concrete retaining wall with plank and surface stone-checker is used to prevent and control the occurrence of wind and sand damage. The stone-checker is layout by 1 m×1 m, and the height of the sand control wall is 1.5 m. Secondly, according to sandstorm climate data, numerical simulation of finite element method for prevention system of wind drift sand is conducted by making use of CFX software. In the procedure, the motion law of sand flow is found. Research results show that the reasonable distance of retaining walls is 30 m. Finally, based on the field monitoring data in 2 years, this protection measure of wind drift sand is effective. But to do that protection measure effectively, a large amount of sand deposition behind retaining wall should be periodically cleaned up. And a cleaning cycle of 3 years is recommended according to the distributed regularity of sand behind retaining wall. The results in this paper can provide references for prevention and treatment of wind drift sand in railway construction in such areas.

Key words: high salinity, sand-driving wind, sand control wall, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

P425.6

吴亚平, 潘高峰, 彭尔兴, 王军, 彭萼辉, 耿福志. 锡北地方铁路风沙防治措施研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2016, 39(6): 1247-1254.

WU Ya-ping, PAN Gao-feng, PENG E-xing, WANG Jun, PENG E-hui, GENG Fu-zhi. Sand flow control measures of the Xitieshan to North Hobson local railway[J]. , 2016, 39(6): 1247-1254.

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