关键词: 中亚, 干旱区, 特征空间, 土壤盐渍化遥感监测指数

Abstract: As the pivot to connect Asia and Europe，Central Asia is strategically important region of the world. It is adjacent to Xinjiang，China. And they are very similar on climate，physical geography，environment and biological resources and other aspects. Therefore，it is favorable for Xinjiang to further expand exchanges and cooperation Central Asia in science and technology. Turkmenistan has typical temperate continental climate which is the second largest country in Asia. In recent decades，human activities especially agricultural industrialization caused great damage on soil structure and resulted in soil salinization. The proportion of salinized soil reached 76% in Turkmenistan in 2006. It is，therefore，necessary and important to study soil salinization in arid regions for solving this problem. Remote sensing （RS） technology demonstrates a number of advantages （such as Macro，comprehensive，fast，dynamic，accurate etc.） in this field which could have important practical significance on the rational use of water and land resources. The state of Dashoguz was selected for this study because of its serious salinization as a handicapping site for agricultural development. Three sets of Landsat TM/ETM image of 1990，2000 and 2010 were used and analysis of typical soil information，to extract Salinization Index （SI） and land surface [Albedo]，which are very important biophysical parameters of land surface. In this paper the relationship between salinization index （SI） and [Albedo] was analyzed quantitatively to building SI-Albedo feature space. Four salinization levels were classified and analyzed using Salinization Monitoring Index （SMI）. The results were as follows：（1） the statistic and quantitative analysis using Salinization Monitoring Index were conducive to large-scale range of dynamic monitoring of regional soil salinization. （2） The degree of salinization was continually increased in study area. And the severely salinization soil was increased by 5.28% while moderately salinization soil was increased by 8.21%. （3） The factors such as climate and topography had significant influence on the process of soil salinization. And unreasonable use of water and land would lead to accelerate the speed of the salinization formation and enlarge their areas. The practice shows that this method is effective in relating fields.

Key words: Central Asia, arid area, characteristic space, Salinization Monitoring Index