内蒙古清水河县典型人工植被土壤碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.700

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 1492-1501.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.700 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024700

内蒙古清水河县典型人工植被土壤碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

闵雪¹(), 吴叶礼¹, 张英¹^,², 丁国栋¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 杨之恒⁵

1.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083
2.北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083
3.北京林业大学林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心，北京 100083
4.宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，宁夏盐池 751500
5.北京林丰源生态环境规划设计院有限公司，北京 100083

收稿日期:2024-11-14 修回日期:2025-01-06 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-08-21
通讯作者: 丁国栋（1963-），男，教授，主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: dch1999@263.net
作者简介:闵雪（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: minxue11@163.com
基金资助:
呼和浩特市森林生态系统碳储量监测评价项目(150101-WWTCG-CS-20220003)

Soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of typical artificial vegetation in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia

MIN Xue¹(), WU Yeli¹, ZHANG Ying¹^,², DING Guodong¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), YANG Zhiheng⁵

1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
3. Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
4. National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Mu Us Sandy Land Ecosystem, Yanchi 751500, Ningxia, China
5. Beijing Greensource Environment Planning & Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China

Received:2024-11-14 Revised:2025-01-06 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-08-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植被土壤碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）化学计量关系是理解不同植被生态功能发挥的关键，以清水河县4种典型人工植被（杨树、樟子松、油松、柠条锦鸡儿）为研究对象，以天然草地（禾草草地）为对照，探讨典型人工植被群落0~100 cm土层范围内土壤C、N、P含量及其化学计量比特征。结果显示：（1）5种植被类型表层（0~20 cm）土壤C、N、P含量分别为3.29~6.02 g·kg^-1、0.52~0.69 g·kg^-1、0.37~0.62 g·kg^-1，土壤C和N含量低于我国表层土壤平均水平，土壤肥力较低。（2）在0~20 cm土层下，各人工植被土壤C、N和C/N均低于禾草草地，其中樟子松和柠条锦鸡儿土壤C和C/N显著较低（P<0.05）；在20~50 cm和50~100 cm土层下，油松土壤C、N最高，其余人工植被仍低于草地，樟子松C/N最低；各土层人工植被土壤P含量明显高于草地，土壤C/P和N/P均明显低于草地。（3）相关分析表明，土壤C和N、C/P和N/P间呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.001）；土壤C、N、P受植被类型与土层深度影响显著（P<0.001）；土壤C、N、P含量随土层深度增加而降低，呈现明显表聚效应。考虑到研究区土壤磷高有效性利于草本生长，且草本植被土壤养分涵养效果优于人工乔灌植被，该地生态恢复可考虑以保育恢复原生草本植被为主。研究结果有助于深入理解土壤养分循环规律，评估植被的生态效益，为区域生态修复和资源管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 人工植被, 天然草地, 土壤养分, 生态化学计量

Abstract:

The stoichiometric relationship of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in soil is crucial for understanding the ecological function of different vegetation types. This study examined four typical artificial vegetation types (Populus L., Pinus sylvestris, Pinus tabulaeformis, and Caragana korshinskii) in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia, China, with natural gramineous grassland as the control. The concentrations of soil C, N, and P along with their stoichiometric ratios, within the 0-100-cm soil profile, were investigated. The key results were as follows. (1) In the surface-soil layer (0-20 cm), C, N, and P levels across the five vegetation types were 3.29-6.02 g·kg⁻¹, 0.52-0.69 g·kg⁻¹, and 0.37-0.62 g·kg⁻¹, respectively. Soil C and N levels were below the national surface-soil average, indicating poor soil fertility. (2) In the 0-20 cm layer, soils under artificial vegetation had lower C content, N levels, and C/N ratios compared with those under grassland, with significantly lower C and C/N observed in P. sylvestris and C. korshinskii (P<0.05). At depths of 20-50 cm and 50-100 cm, C and N levels were highest under grassland and lower under artificial vegetation, with P. sylvestris showing the lowest C/N ratio. Soil P content was significantly higher under artificial vegetation than those under grassland at all depths, whereas C/P and N/P ratios were significantly lower than those under grassland. (3) Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between soil C and N and between C/P and N/P (P<0.001). Soil C, N, and P levels were significantly affected by vegetation type and soil depth (P<0.001) and all decreased with increasing depth, indicating strong surface accumulation. Given the high soil phosphorus availability in the study area, which supports the growth of herbaceous vegetation, and the superior soil nutrient conservation capacity of herbaceous plants relative to artificial irrigated vegetation, ecological restoration efforts in this region should primarily focus on conserving and restoring native herbaceous vegetation. This study contributes to understanding the soil nutrient cycle, assessing the ecological benefits of different vegetation types, and providing a scientific basis for regional ecological restoration and resource management.

Key words: artificial vegetation, natural grassland, soil nutrients, ecological stoichiometry

闵雪, 吴叶礼, 张英, 丁国栋, 杨之恒. 内蒙古清水河县典型人工植被土壤碳氮磷及其化学计量特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(8): 1492-1501.

MIN Xue, WU Yeli, ZHANG Ying, DING Guodong, YANG Zhiheng. Soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of typical artificial vegetation in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(8): 1492-1501.

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植被类型	平均经纬度	建植年份	平均坡向	平均坡度/(°)	平均海拔/m	植被盖度/%	容重/g·cm^-3	枯落物量/t·hm^-2
杨树	111.83°E，39.86°N	2001	东北	9	1385	61	1.04±0.02	2.38±0.69
油松	111.74°E，39.85°N	2001	西北	12	1407	70	1.03±0.03	1.28±0.31
樟子松	111.72°E，39.80°N	2001	西南	10	1460	78	0.98±0.05	1.12±0.21
柠条锦鸡儿	111.74°E，39.34°N	2001	西南	10	1253	57	1.10±0.02	0.82±0.34
禾草草地	111.77°E，39.86°N	-	西北	10	1356	75	1.01±0.02	0.70±0.07

因素	C	N	P	C/N	C/P	N/P
植被类型	8.556^***	5.775^***	10.138^***	4.446^**	8.161^***	8.174^***
土壤深度	18.741^***	22.106^***	12.872^***	0.723	0.707	0.239
植被类型×土壤深度	0.417	0.234	0.598	0.486	0.042	0.399

指标	SLO	ASL	BD	C	N	P	C/N	C/P	N/P
SLO	1.000
ASL	-0.210^*	1.000
BD	0.099	-0.508^***	1.000
C	-0.126	0.216^*	-0.312^***	1.000
N	-0.193^*	0.166	-0.339^***	0.748^***	1.000
P	0.098	0.265^**	-0.124	0.270^**	0.177	1.000
C/N	-0.040	0.176	-0.102	0.612^***	0.000	0.182	1.000
C/P	-0.183^*	-0.015	-0.131	0.528^***	0.428^***	-0.375^***	0.319^***	1.000
N/P	-0.193	-0.053	-0.137	0.236^*	0.458^***	-0.510^***	-0.132	0.854^***	1.000

内蒙古清水河县典型人工植被土壤碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

Soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of typical artificial vegetation in Qingshuihe County, Inner Mongolia

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