盐结皮土壤形成发育过程影响下的能量平衡动态变化

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.435

干旱区地理 ›› 2024, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 424-432.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.435

盐结皮土壤形成发育过程影响下的能量平衡动态变化

王弘超¹^,²^,³(), 李新虎¹^,²^,³(), 郭敏¹^,²^,³, 李佳琳¹^,²^,³

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
2.阿克苏绿洲农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，新疆阿克苏 843017
3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-08-17 修回日期:2023-10-17 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-03-29
通讯作者: 李新虎（1981-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事土壤盐渍化与土壤水盐运动等方面的研究. E-mail: lixinhu@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:王弘超（1998-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤盐渍化等方面的研究. E-mail: wanghongchao21@mails.ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42277314);天山英才培养计划项目(2022TSYCCX0008)

Dynamic variation of energy balance under the influence of salt-crusted soil formation and development

WANG Hongchao¹^,²^,³(), LI Xinhu¹^,²^,³(), GUO Min¹^,²^,³, LI Jialin¹^,²^,³

1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
2. National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Aksu Oasis Farmland Ecosystem, Aksu 843017, Xinjiang, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-08-17 Revised:2023-10-17 Published:2024-03-25 Online:2024-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地表能量平衡是地气交互作用的关键环节，探究不同下垫面的地表能量平衡特征对了解地表的热量传输具有重要意义。然而，目前对于能量平衡在盐结皮土壤形成过程下的变化特征的研究未见报道，主要难点在于缺少盐结皮形成过程中土壤表面反照率的计算方法，严重影响了盐渍化土壤热量传输的精确定量描述。因此，利用模拟试验结合能量平衡模型，应用反照率计算方法，定量分析了盐结皮土壤形成发育过程下能量平衡的动态变化特征。结果表明：（1） Logistic增长模型可以很好地拟合盐结皮在土壤表面的形成发育过程（R²=0.99）。（2）在持续照射条件下（1000 W·m^-2，16 d），随着盐结皮的持续发育，盐结皮土壤的反照率比对照高出0.15~0.41，从而显著降低了土壤对热量的吸收，导致盐结皮土壤表面温度比对照降低了16 ℃。（3）盐结皮土壤的净辐射、感热通量、潜热通量和土壤热通量在反照率和表面温度影响下分别比对照减少了47.9%、52.4%、46.8%和47.4%，显著影响了土壤的剖面温度。研究结果对进一步探讨盐结皮影响下的土壤水热传输过程具有重要的科学价值。

关键词: 盐结皮, 反照率, 土壤表面温度, 能量平衡

Abstract:

Surface energy balance is the crucial link in the interaction between the earth and the atmosphere, and it is essential to study its characteristics with different underlying surfaces to understand heat transfer at the surface. However, limited information is available on the variation characteristics of the energy balance in the formation process of salt-crusted soil. The main difficulty is the limited calculation method for the albedo of the soil surface during the development of salt crust, which remarkably affects the accurate quantitative description of heat transport in saline soil. Therefore, a simulation experiment combined with an energy balance model and an albedo calculation method was applied to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of dynamic variations in the energy balance during the formation and development of salt-crusted soil. The results are as follows: (1) The formation and development process of salt crust on the soil surface could be expressed using the logistic growth model (R²=0.99). (2) Under continuous irradiation (1000 W·m^-2, 16 d), the albedo of the salt-crusted soil was 0.15-0.41 higher than that of the control treatment with continuous development of the salt crust, which decreased the absorbed heat by the soil, consequently reducing the surface temperature of the salt-crusted soil by 16 °C (mean value) compared to the control treatment. (3) The net radiation, sensible-heat flux, latent-heat flux, and soil-heat flux of the salt-crusted soil decreased by 47.9%, 52.4%, 46.8%, and 47.4% (mean value), respectively, compared to that of the control treatment. This reduction happened under the influence of albedo and surface temperature, which further affected the soil profile temperature. The results provided a notable scientific value for further investigation of soil water-heat transport under the influence of the salt crust.

Key words: salt crust, albedo, soil surface temperature, energy balance

王弘超, 李新虎, 郭敏, 李佳琳. 盐结皮土壤形成发育过程影响下的能量平衡动态变化[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(3): 424-432.

WANG Hongchao, LI Xinhu, GUO Min, LI Jialin. Dynamic variation of energy balance under the influence of salt-crusted soil formation and development[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(3): 424-432.

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参数	平方和（SS）	自由度（df）	方差（MS）	F	显著性（P）	相关系数（r）
净辐射（R_n）	781596.51	1	781596.51	205.30	0.00	0.93
感热通量（H_s）	125501.24	1	125501.24	230.80	0.00	0.94
潜热通量（LE）	5448.66	1	5448.66	0.34	0.56	0.11
土壤热通量（G）	207938.64	1	207938.64	58.15	0.00	0.81

盐结皮土壤形成发育过程影响下的能量平衡动态变化

Dynamic variation of energy balance under the influence of salt-crusted soil formation and development

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