兰州市蔬菜市场的空间分布特征及影响因素研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000－6060.2023.100

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蔬菜市场是城市地理空间的重要组成部分，其合理布局是落实城市“菜篮子”工程的重要环节。选取兰州市主城区蔬菜市场为研究对象，采用2020年兰州市蔬菜市场POI数据、社会经济数据，借助核密度分析、探索性空间数据分析、两步移动搜索法、地理探测器等方法，从地理学视角利用大数据分析兰州市蔬菜市场的空间分布特征及影响因素。结果表明：（1）蔬菜市场的空间分布呈“西北—东南”走向特征，综合性大型超市在兰州市主城区的分布较其他类型更加均衡且分散，大中型农贸市场及蔬菜零售店的分布较为集聚。（2）蔬菜市场在数量规模上呈现出“东密西疏、南密北疏”的分布格局，综合性大型超市呈斑块状分布，大中型农贸市场整体呈岛状分布、多中心格局，蔬菜零售店的空间分布形态呈斑点状分布。（3）蔬菜市场的空间分布具有较强的聚类趋势。（4）兰州市蔬菜市场的可达性整体较好，安宁区、西固区的部分街道可达性偏低。（5）兰州市蔬菜市场空间分布以多因子交互影响为主，主要影响因素有人口因素、交通因素等。最后，指出蔬菜市场空间分布的不合理之处并提出相关建议，以期在加强兰州市蔬菜市场空间合理布局和协调发展等方面提供参考。

关键词: 蔬菜市场, GIS空间分析, 地理探测器, 兰州市

Abstract:

A vegetable market is a crucial element of an urban landscape, and its well-planned layout is essential for implementing the “vegetable basket” project. This study focuses on vegetable markets in the main urban area of the Lanzhou City using POI were obtained by AmAP and socioeconomic data in the statistical yearbook from 2020. This study uses various analytical methods such as kernel density analysis, exploratory spatial data analysis, two-step mobile search method, and geographic detector, and others through big data analysis from a geographical perspective to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and factors influencing vegetable markets in Lanzhou City. The findings indicate that vegetable markets in Lanzhou City are mainly distributed in a “northwest to southeast” direction. Meanwhile, comprehensive hypermarkets in the main urban area of the Lanzhou City exhibits a more balanced and dispersed distribution than other market types. By contrast, large- and medium-sized farmers’ markets and vegetable retail stores are more concentrated. Regarding quantity scale, vegetable market shows a distribution pattern of being sparse in the east, west, and north and dense in the south. The distribution of comprehensive large supermarkets is patchy, the overall distribution of large and medium-sized farmers’ markets is island distribution and multi-center pattern, and the spatial distribution of vegetable retail stores is spotty distribution. The spatial distribution of vegetable markets exhibits a strong clustering trend. Although the accessibility of vegetable markets in Lanzhou City is generally good, some streets in the Anning and Xigu Districts have low accessibility. This study identifies multiple factors influencing the spatial distribution of vegetable markets in Lanzhou City, with population and traffic being the main factors. Additionally, the study highlights the unreasonable spatial distribution of vegetable markets and provides relevant suggestions for strengthening the rational spatial distribution and coordinated development of vegetable markets in Lanzhou City.

Key words: vegetable markets, GIS spatial analysis, geographical detector, Lanzhou City

陈繁繁, 白永平, 梁建设, 张春悦, 赵越, 龚享林. 兰州市蔬菜市场的空间分布特征及影响因素研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(2): 293-306.

CHEN Fanfan, BAI Yongping, LIANG Jianshe, ZHANG Chunyue, ZHAO Yue, GONG Xianglin. Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of vegetable markets in Lanzhou City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 47(2): 293-306.

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行政区	总面积/km²	地区生产总值/100元	街道办事处/个	常住人口 /10⁴人	人口密度 /人·km^-2	兴趣点（蔬菜市场）数量/个
行政区	总面积/km²	地区生产总值/100元	街道办事处/个	常住人口 /10⁴人	人口密度 /人·km^-2	综合性大型超市	大中型农贸市场	蔬菜零售店
主城区	1042.96	2185.50	50	257.44	331	471	189	1039
城关区	207.84	1061.23	26	133.07	7156	171	103	554
七里河区	394.47	492.06	9	58.34	1812	110	42	266
西固区	358.32	391.46	7	37.27	1138	92	24	96
安宁区	82.33	240.75	8	28.96	5370	98	21	123

蔬菜市场类型	权重
综合性大型超市	0.263
大中型农贸市场	0.195
蔬菜零售店	0.238

一级指标	二级指标
人口因素	人口密度（X₁）
交通因素	道路密度（X₂）
	距主干道远近（X₃）
	公共交通便利性（X₄）
居住区因素	居住区密度（X₅）
居住区因素	距居民点远近（X₆）
居民支付水平	住房均价（X₇）

影响因素	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇
X₁	0.6674
X₂	0.8759	0.2154
X₃	0.8191	0.2905	0.1350
X₄	0.8315	0.7692	0.7567	0.6343
X₅	0.8627	0.8488	0.7893	0.8103	0.7038
X₆	0.8120	0.8218	0.6869	0.7394	0.7243	0.6536
X₇	0.8036	0.6835	0.6315	0.7033	0.8526	0.8304	0.3187

影响因素	蔬菜市场类型
影响因素	M₁	M₂	M₃
X₃	0.115	0.293	0.178
X₆	0.656	0.560	0.568