基于树轮生理模型的雪岭云杉径向生长的模拟研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.01.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 雪岭云杉（Picea schrenkiana）是天山山区重要的造林树种，为了解天山山区森林上限树木径向生长对气候环境的响应机制，运用树轮气候学方法，通过采自天山东部巴里坤山雪岭云杉林上限的树芯样本建立的树轮宽度标准化年表，采用VS-oscilloscope模型，模拟雪岭云杉的径向生长过程并揭示了过去55 a以来该过程与环境因子的关系。结果表明：（1）模拟得到的树轮宽度指数与实际树轮宽度指数相关系数为0.645（P<0.01）。两者变化趋势具有较好的一致性，表明模型取得了较好的模拟效果。（2）树木径向生长主要限制因子是4~5月和7~8月的土壤湿度，温度是决定树木生长季开始的主要影响因子，而温度决定的生长速率在宽窄轮的形成上并不明显。（3）模拟的树轮宽度指数与生长结束日期的相关系数是-0.413（P <0.01），说明生长季节的结束日期对树轮宽度的增长有一定的影响。（4）自1984年以来，随着区域气温的逐渐上升，树木生长季的长度有延长的趋势，而树木径向生长却发生衰退现象，1984年以来气温的升高可能是树木生长衰退的主要原因。因而研究从生理角度揭示天山东部森林上限树木径向生长过程中的主要限制因子和限制时段，以期为该区域之后的树轮学研究提供一些借鉴意义。

关键词: 树木年轮, 雪岭云杉, 径向生长, VS-oscilloscope模型

Abstract:

The Tianshan Mountains is one of the most important tree ring research area in China. In order to understand the response mechanism of the radial growth of the trees in upper forest to environment, this paper conducted a simulation to reveal the relationship between the process of radial growth and the environmental factors based on the VS-oscilloscope model using the observed daily temperature and precipitation data of Balikun Weather Station of Hami City, Xinjiang, China from 1960 to 2015 and 52 tree cores from 26 trees collected at upper forest of the Balikun Mountain, east of Tianshan Mountains. According to the method of dendrochronology, all samples were surfaced, cross-dated and measured according to standard dendrochronology techniques. Finally, we established a tree ring width chronologies by core samples of Picea schrenkiana. The results shows as follows: (1) The correlation coefficient between the simulated tree ring width index and the actual tree ring width index is 0.645 (P<0.01), the consistency between the two trends indicating that the model has achieved good simulation results. (2) The main limiting factors for tree radial growth are soil moisture from April to May and from July to August. Temperature is the main factor determining the beginning of tree growing season, but the growth rate determined by temperature is not obvious in the formation of wide and narrow rings. (3) The correlation coefficient between simulated tree-ring width index and the end date of the growing season was -0.413 (P<0.01).It shows that the end date of growing season has some influence on the growth of tree ring width. (4) In addition, the simulation results also show that with the gradual increase of temperature in the region since 1984,the length of the tree growing season has an increase tendency, but overall the growth rate of trees has been declined. The increase in temperature since 1984 may be the main reason for the decline of tree growth. This study from a physiological point of view reveals the main limiting factors and time periods in the process of radial growth of the upper forest trees in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, which could provide some reference for tree ring study at this area in the future.

Key words: tree rings, Picea schrenkiana, radial growth, VS-oscilloscope model

吴燕良, 甘淼, 于瑞德, 杨美琳, 郭艳飞, 赵鹏. 基于树轮生理模型的雪岭云杉径向生长的模拟研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(1): 64-71.

WU Yan-liang, GAN Miao, YU Rui-de, YANG Mei-lin, GUO Yan-fei, ZHAO Peng. Process-based modeling radial growth of Picea schrenkiana in the eastern Tianshan Mountains[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(1): 64-71.

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