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干旱区地理 ›› 2015, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 1014-1021.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

民勤绿洲50余年水利建设的生态经济影响

魏轩1,2, 周立华1, 马永欢3, 黄珊1,2, 路慧玲1,2, 陈勇1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 国土资源部信息中心, 北京 100812
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-17 修回日期:2015-04-16 出版日期:2015-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 周立华(1974-),男,山东费县人,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为生态经济与区域可持续发展.Email:lhzhou@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:魏轩(1990-),男,陕西咸阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态经济与区域可持续发展.Email:wei_liu_xuan@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院重点部署项目(No.KZZD-EW-04-05);中国科学院"百人计划"项目资助

Ecological and Economic Impacts of Water Conservancy Construction in Minqin Oasis of more than 50 years

WEI Xuan1,2, ZHOU Li-hua1, MA Yong-hua3, HUANG Shan1,2, LU Hui-ling1,2, CHEN Yong1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Information Center of Ministry of Land and Resources of People's Republic of China
  • Received:2015-01-17 Revised:2015-04-16 Online:2015-09-25

摘要: 民勤绿洲近50余年地表来水持续减少,为满足用水需求,兴修了一系列水利工程。以民勤县50余年的经济发展和生态环境数据为基础,从农业发展、产业结构调整以及生态环境要素的角度,运用图表对比分析研究区50余年内发生的生态和经济变化,进而研究了水利工程建设在这两方面所产生的影响。结论表明:在2012年来水量比水利工程建设前即1956年减少32.3%的背景下,水利工程建设支撑了民勤绿洲农业的发展;保证了3次产业结构向节水循环型方向调整,第一、二、三产业产值之比从1956年的14.9:3.2:1变成了2012年的1.2:1.1:1。但水利工程建设也对民勤的生态环境产生了负面影响,加剧了该区的地下水位下降及水质恶化、植被退化、土地沙漠化及盐碱化等生态问题。

关键词: 水利建设, 生态经济, 民勤绿洲, 影响分析

Abstract: In recent 50 years, the incoming surface water to Minqin Oasis has decreased continuously. In order to meet the demand for water resource, a series of water conservancy projects were built. Based on more than fifty years'economic and eco-environmental data of Minqin County, Gansu Province, China, ecological and economic changes happened during over 50 years in studied area were compared and analyzed through diagrams, from the perspectives of agricultural development, industrial structure adjustment and eco-environmental elements. Therefore, the two aspects of impacts of water conservancy engineering constructions on Minqin County were studied concurrently. Results show that:In the context that the incoming water in 2012 is 32.3% less than that in 1956, which is the year just before the construction of the above water conservancy projects, water conservancy constructions supported the development of agriculture in Minqin Oasis. Water conservancy projects also insured that the industrial structure changed towards the direction of water-saving recycling type, and the ratio of output value of primary industry to secondary industry to tertiary industry changed from 14.9:3.2:1 in 1956 to 1.2:1.1:1 in 2012. Water conservancy constructions, however, had negative impacts on the ecological environment of Minqin Oasis, and exacerbated the ecological problems including the falling of groundwater level, the deterioration of water quality, vegetation degradation, land desertification and salinization.

Key words: water conservancy construction, ecological economy, Minqin Oasis, impact analysis

中图分类号: 

  • F062.2