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干旱区地理 ›› 2012, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (04): 631-638.

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煤矿区居民对环境问题的感知——以陕西省彬长矿区为例

史兴民1，刘春霞2   

  1. 1陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院，陕西西安710062；2咸阳师范学院旅游与资源环境学院，陕西咸阳712000
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-05 修回日期:2011-12-20 出版日期:2012-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 史兴民
  • 作者简介:史兴民（1975-），男，山西襄汾人，教授、博士，主要从事环境社会学，环境变迁等方面研究
  • 基金资助:

    国家社会科学基金项目:煤矿开采区居民对环境的感知与调适行为（07XSH017）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（GK201002017）资助.

Perception difference of environmental problem in coal mine area:A case of Binchang Mine Area, Shaanxi Province

SHI Xingmin1，LIU Chunxia2   

  1. 1College of Tourism and Environment Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an710062, Shaanxi, China；2College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Xianyang Normal College, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2011-08-05 Revised:2011-12-20 Online:2012-07-25
  • Contact: SHI Xingmin

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摘要： 居民环境感知是其环境行为为基础，研究居民属性对环境问题感知的影响，对煤矿区的环境保护社会措施的实施有重要参考意义。彬长矿区是国家重点产煤区，但其环境问题非常严重。通过实地访谈和407份有效问卷的统计，利用秩和检验等方法，探讨了居民对环境问题的感知和调适行为的影响因素，主要结论是：（1）矿区居民对环境普遍不满，他们认为大气污染最严重，其次是环境卫生、噪音和水污染，最后是塌陷和地裂缝。环境问题的最主要原因由采煤和煤炭加工；（2）在居民属性与环境问题感知方面发现：性别对大气污染、水污染、塌陷和地裂缝的感知有明显的影响。年龄属性对大气污染、水污染、噪音污染、塌陷和地裂缝的感知均有显著正向影响。文化程度属性对大气污染、塌陷和地裂缝的感知有显著负向影响。职业属性对各类环境问题的感知均有显著影响。居住时间对噪音污染感知没有显著影响，对其他感知有显著正向影响。居住空间在居民对矿区环境问题的感知上具有显著性负向影响。研究结果可以为矿区的环境治理、政策制定等提供参考

关键词: 煤矿区居民, 环境问题, 感知, 认知

Abstract: Environmental problem perception is the base of residents’environmental behavior. So it is important to research the impacts of residents attribute on environmental problem perception for society measure implementation of environmental protection. The Binchang Coal Mine is the important coal mining district in Shaanxi Province, China. However, the environmental problem is serious and typical in this area. The aim of this paper is to examine the environmental perception of mine area's residents and influence factors by interviewing them and 407 valid questionnaires. The influence factors of environmental perception are analyzed through rank sum test. The results are as follows: (1) the living environment does not satisfy the majority of residents in the coal mine area. The order of problem degree is as follows: the air pollution’s problem degree > the dust pollution’s > the rubbish pollution’s > the noise pollution’s >the water pollution’s > the subsidence’s> the ground fissure’s. The pollution is mainly caused by coal mining and coal processing. (2) In terms of resident attributes and environment problem perception, genders have a significant impact on the perception of air pollution, water pollution, subsidence and ground fissures. Ages have a significant positive impact on the perception of air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, subsidence and ground fissures. Professional attributes have a significant negative impact on the perception of the various types of environmental pollution. Residence time has no significant influence on the perception of noise pollution, and has positive significant impact on the perception of other environment factors. It is found that the environmental pollution perceptions are significantly different depending on inhabits' living space. In conclusion, this paper discusses influence factors of environmental problem perception, and gives some suggestions for environment planning and management.

Key words: resident in coal mine, environmental problem, perception, Cognition

中图分类号: 

  • X2-1