关键词: 哈纳斯自然保护区, 生态旅游, 环境评价, 容量测算, 保护措施

Abstract: Nature reserve usually locates in remote backward areas.Tourism development not only can bring about the development of economy but also lead to large environmental pressure to nature reserve.Khanas locates in Buerjing county of Alertai,Xinjiang.Tourism is limited in southern buffer of the reserve,with area of 35km².Khanas lake and Khanas valley landscape is the essence of Khanas tourism resources,which is one of few districts with the most beautiful landscape and the best preserve.Experts at home and abroad pay close attention to science value and tourism value of Khanas.
This paper measures and appraises Khanas atmosphere quality and source water quality, and the result is the Khanas eco-environment is good.Based on three estimative principle （protection principle,endurance principle,satisfaction principle）,two methods（route method,method of calculating area）have been used to estimate environment capacity.The final result is that the total environmental annual capacity is 518,000 person,and the totals will increase if winter tourism is deveoped.
Through above analysis,some eco-environment protection measures have been put forward to Khanas nature reserve,including：
（1）Protection is as important as tourists increase.Abiding by the principle of protection, development and utilization,appropriate development can be in progress within the scope eco- environmental capacity.（2）Protection should be classified.（3）Living beings resources should be protected.It includes protection of natural forest,fireproof and prevention and controld of insect pest,prevention of excessive herds in grassland,protection of rare animals.（4）It necesary to prevent and eliminate tourism pollution.Measures can be taken to decrease atmosphere and water pollution caused by tourism.Solid garbage should be classified and disposed（5）Constructive destruction should be prevented.The Choice of life base must consider many effects such as easy traffic,near villiage or town,and avioding scenery area.（6） To protect human landscape is very important.At the same time of protecting primitive village, nationality customs can also be tapped.

Key words: Khanas nature reserve, eco-tourism, environment appraise, capacity estimation, protection measures