关键词: 百度热力图, 职住关系, 中心城区, 银川市

Abstract: “Job” and “Housing” are the most basic functions of the city,and the relationship between job and housing reflects the order and efficiency of the city.Under the planned economic system of China,under the profound influence of “unit(Danwei) management society”,the relationship between work place and residence was very well matched.After 1992,with the drastic transformation of urban economy and society in China,the situation of separation between work place and residence has become increasingly prominent,which has led to a series of housing,commuting,social equity and other issues.Based on the realtime dynamic big data provided by Baidu Heat Map,Baidu Road Map and the urban landuse map,this paper analyzes the relationship between job and housing in the main urban area of Yinchuan City,Ningxia Province,China.The whole day is divided into five periods (two commuting periods,two working periods and one rest period).The Baidu Heat Map in different periods and for different land use are obtained to depict the population aggregation situation in the main urban area.The results showed that:During the working day,the proportion of the highheat zones was increased significantly from 7:49 AM,especially in the period from 7:49 AM to 9:11 AM,which was closely related to the peak commutes,and then fluctuated upwards,but was basically stable from 9:11 AM to 18:15 PM,which was consistent with the normal working hours.Starting from 18:15 PM,it was dropped sharply,which was commensurate with commuting peak.After 19:38 PM,it started to go up again,and this was a rest period.During the working hours,the population concentration on the educational and commercial lands was stronger,while during the rest period,the population concentration on the residential land is more obvious.Baidu Heat declined when a large number of people left the residential area during the working hours,and rose when they returned to the residential area during the offduty hours,which means that there is a rhythmic pendulum flow between residential areas in the workplace.Residents in the working hours are highly concentrated in business centers,urban complexes,universities,hospitals and logistics centers,etc.During the rest period,the high concentration centers of the population changed from employment centers to residential areas and leisure shopping areas,indicating that there is a certain separation of work and residential areas in the main urban area.According to the ratio of occupation and housing,the relationship between employment and housing is divided into five types: basic balance type,slight employment tendency,serious employment tendency,slight inhabitation tendency and serious residence tendency.Generally speaking,the balance of job and housing in urban central area is more obvious than that in the outlying areas,and there are great differences between functional groups.The south group of Xixia District is an industrial concentrated distribution area,the north is a university concentrated distribution area,so there was a basic balance of residential and employment; the south group of Jinfeng District and the east group of Xingqing District exist a large number of commercial residential areas where living is significantly higher than employment; the northwest group of Xingqing District is the commercial and trade center and so is the old urban area of Yinchuan City,where the employment is more prominent.

Key words: Baidu Heat Map, jobhousing relationship, central city, Yinchuan City