新疆公共服务资源空间配置与城乡互动耦合协调发展评价

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.04.27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 公共服务资源是社会发展的“先行资本”,对于区域社会经济发展与城乡融合发展具有正面外部效应。依据公共服务资源公平性、效益性与协调性原则,结合AHP、熵值与聚类分析方法,建立新疆公共服务资源配置与城乡互动效益评价指标体系,利用协调耦合发展模型,揭示研究区公共服务、城乡互动发展以及两者耦合协调度的总体特征和空间特征。结果表明：（1）新疆各地不同类型公共服务资源空间配置公平性有所差异,空间非公平性>人口非公平性。（2）公共服务资源综合效益以及城乡互动发展水平呈现较低、一般（中等）、较高三个类型。（3）公共服务效益空间分异特征呈现出东南片区>西北片区;城乡互动水平空间差异呈现出天山北坡经济带高于其他区域。（4）新疆大部分处于城乡互动与公共服务相互影响、相互磨合的过渡发展阶段,导致公共服务损益或城乡互动损益,个别区域处在两个系统相互制约、失调衰退阶段。通过进一步提出加快建立健全城乡互动公共服务体系,构建大、中、小多层次城镇空间格局,继续完善和开拓新的公共服务增长点以满足不断增长的城乡社会发展需求等建议措施,为确保城乡居民生存发展公平与效率,促进公共服务与城乡互动耦合协调发展提供参考借鉴。

关键词: 公共服务, 公平与效益, 城乡互动, 耦合协调, 新疆

Abstract: At present,the overall level of urbanization in Xinjiang,China is relatively low,socioeconomic and urban-rural development is imbalanced,and the level of comprehensive public services lags behind those in eastern and central provinces of China. Analyzing the relationship between public services and urban-rural development as well as exploring the asymmetries between urban-rural regions will help optimize the coordination of resources,labor,capital,culture,information,and other elements dividing urban and rural regions,thus supporting the formulation of regional economic,urbanization,and public service policies based on scientific data. This paper is based on the principles of fairness,efficiency,and coordination of public service resources and combines analytic hierarchy process,entropy,and the cluster analysis method to establish a public service resource allocation and urban-rural mutual benefit evaluation index system for Xinjiang. In addition,this paper reveals the general and spatial characteristics of the coupling coordination degree between urban and rural areas by using the coupled coordination model. The results demonstrated that the fairness of spatial allocation of different types of public service facilities in different study units is different,and that spatial unfairness is more severe than population unfairness. The comprehensive benefits of public service resources and the urban-rural interaction development level can be divided into three types：low,general （medium）,and high. Spatial differentiation characteristics show that the southeast area is bigger than the northwest area,and the urban-rural interaction level of the Tianshan North Slope Economic Belt is higher. Most of the study area is undergoing a period of transitional development of mutual integration and run-in between the urban-rural interaction and public services. Moreover,few regions are undergoing a period of imbalance or recession where the two systems are mutually constrained. This paper further proposes measures to establish and improve an interactive urban-rural public service system,build a large,medium,and small multi-level urban spatial arrangement,strive for national policy support,and continue to improve and develop new basic public service growth points. Therefore,this study can help ensure the fairness and efficiency of the survival and development of urban and rural residents,while also promoting the coordinated development of public services and urban-rural interaction.

Key words: public service, fairness and efficiency, urban-rural interaction, coupling coordination, Xinjiang

吴文婕, 韩鹤, 赵艳梅, 桑川, 王梦珂. 新疆公共服务资源空间配置与城乡互动耦合协调发展评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(4): 1117-1126.

WU Wen-jie, HAN He, ZHAO Yan-mei, SANG Chuan, WANG Meng-ke. Coupling coordination evaluation on public service resource spatial allocation and the urban-rural interaction development in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(4): 1117-1126.

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