京津冀夏季强降水下冰云宏微观特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.01.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据Aqua MODIS 2级云产品和Cloudsat的2级产品资料，结合降水数据和MODIS L1B级辐射率数据，对发生在京津冀地区夏季的三次强降水过程中冰云的宏微观物理量的特征进行分析，并探究这些物理量和降水强度的关系。结果表明：在水平分布中，强降水过程中降水强度高值区内云相为冰云，冰云云顶高度在8~17 km，冰云粒子有效半径、冰云光学厚度、冰水路径分别最高可达60 μm、 150、 5 000 g?m^-2；冰云光学厚度、冰水路径、冰云云顶高度随降水强度增大而增大。在垂直分布中，冰云主要分布在3.5 km以上，发生强降水站点的冰云为深对流云，冰云粒子有效半径、冰水含量、冰云粒子数浓度分别最高可达150 μm、 3 000 mg?m^-3 、 500 L^-1；冰云粒子有效半径高值区存在于云层中下部，且随高度上升而减小，冰云粒子数浓度高值区存在于云层中上部，且随高度上升而增加，冰水含量高值区则存在于云层中部；冰云粒子有效半径、冰水含量、冰云粒子数浓度在9 km以上随降水强度增大而增大。

关键词: 京津冀, 夏季, 冰云, 强降水, 宏微观特征

Abstract: Heavy rainfall is one of the main weathers in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in summer．The macrophysical and microphysical properties of ice clouds are of great significance during the process of precipitation．This paper selects three heavy rainfall processes occurred in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to analyze the horizontal and vertical distribution of macrophysical and microphysical properties of ice clouds and to explore the variation of relationship between these variables and precipitation intensity. The data set in this paper is consist of a merged precipitation product developed by National Meterological Information Center of China, Aqua MODIS level 2 cloud product，CloudSat level 2 product，and MODIS L1B radiance data．The results show that in the horizontal distribution, the clouds with high precipitation intensity during a heavy rainfall are whiter, brighter, and relatively thicker. The cloud phase corresponding to the high precipitation intensity area is ice, but the proportion of ice clouds in the whole Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region does not change with the precipitation intensity. The ice cloud top height ranges from 8 km to 17 km. The maximum of particle effective radius, optical thickness, and ice water path of ice clouds are up to 60 μm, 150 5 000 g?m^(-2) respectively. The optical thickness, ice water path, cloud top height of ice clouds and precipitation intensity are positively correlated, but the particle effective radius of ice clouds is not correlated with precipitation intensity. In the vertical distribution, the ice clouds are mainly located above 3.5km, and the high precipitation intensity is consistent with the thickness and cloud top height of ice clouds. The ice clouds at the station of heavy rainfall are deep convective clouds. The maximum of particles effective radius, particle number concentration, and ice water content of ice clouds are up to 150 μm, 550 L^(-1)，3000 mg?m^(-3 )respectively. The highest particle effective radius of ice clouds is located in the middle and lower layers of the cloud, and is decreased with height. The highest particle number concentration of ice clouds is located in the upper layer of the cloud, and is increased with height. The highest ice water content of ice clouds is located in the middle of the cloud. The particles effective radius, particle number concentration, and ice water content of ice clouds above 9 km are positively correlated with precipitation intensity．

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, summer, ice clouds, heavy rainfall, macrophysical and microphysical properties

郑倩，郑有飞，王立稳，李特，林彤，杜傢义. 京津冀夏季强降水下冰云宏微观特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(1): 67-76.

ZHENG Qian，ZHENG You-fei，WANG Li-wen，LI Te，LIN Tong，DU Jia-yi. The macrophysical and microphysical properties of ice clouds during heavy rainfalls in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in summer[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(1): 67-76.

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