青藏高原北部孢粉记录的全新世以来环境变化

doi:10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2007.03.013

干旱区地理 ›› 2007, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 381-391.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.2007.03.013

青藏高原北部孢粉记录的全新世以来环境变化

赵振明¹, 刘爱民², 彭伟³, 计文化¹, 李荣社¹, 王毅智³, 朱迎堂^1,4

1 西安地质矿产研究所，陕西西安 710054;
2 贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳 550005;
3 青海省地质调查院，青海西宁 810012;
4 成都理工大学沉积地质研究所，四川成都 610059

收稿日期:2006-09-15 修回日期:2006-12-21 出版日期:2007-03-25 发布日期:2026-01-23
作者简介:赵振明（1965一），男，硕士，主要从事新构造、地貌与环境方面的工作·E-mail: xazzhenming@cgsgov.cn
基金资助:
本工作由中国地质调查局“青藏高原北部空白区基础地质综合研究”项目(编号:1212010510110); “1:250000羊湖幅(145C001001)”项目(编号:19991300009071); “1:50000万宝沟等3幅(J46E024018)”项目(编号:20001300010071); “1:250000兴海幅(147C001001)”项目(编号:19961300010091)共同提供资助

Holocene environmental changes of northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau based on spore-pollen analysis

ZHAO Zhenming¹, LIU Aimin², PENG Wei³, JIWen-hua¹, LI Rong-she¹,WANG Yi-zhi³, ZHU Ying-tang^1,4

1 Xi'an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi China;
2 Guizhou Institute of Geological Survey, Guiyang 550005, Guizhou, China;
3 Qinghai Institute of Geological Survey,Xing 810012, Qinhai China;
4 Chengdu University of Technology, Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China

Received:2006-09-15 Revised:2006-12-21 Published:2007-03-25 Online:2026-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据青藏高原北部同纬度地区,同一个垂直自然带内的西藏羊湖的湖相沉积、青海昆仑河河流相沉积、青海豆错(苦海)湖的湖相沉积记录的全新世以来孢粉(spore-pollen)资料的对比分析,表明:①极度干旱荒漠区的代表植被麻黄属(Ephedra)花粉平均百分含量,三个地区分别为:7.7%,4.2%,7.5%,总体上,羊湖地区的数值高于昆仑河地区与苦海地区。②代表气候湿润的禾本科(Gram ineae)花粉平均百分含量,三个地区分别为:1.2%、4.9%、12.0%,从西向东数值逐渐升高。③代表气候湿润的蒿属(Artem isia)花粉平均百分含量,三个地区分别为:22.2%,43.6%,48.8%,从西向东数值逐渐升高。④代表气候干旱的藜科(Chenopod iaceae)花粉平均百分含量,三个地区分别为:52.1%,42.4%,11.5%,从西向东数值逐渐降低。⑤依据蒿属、藜科花粉百分含量,计算出环境变化指标,蒿属/藜科(A/C)值,三个地区的平均值分别为:0.45,1.23,5.59,从西向东比值逐渐升高,⑥麻黄属/蒿属值,在全新世晚期,三个地区都呈上升趋势,但幅度存在差异,分别为:0.45,0.34,0.28,从西向东数值逐渐降低。综观上述6个方面的变化规律,青藏高原北部全新世以来,干旱的程度从西向东逐渐降低;对青藏高原北部东西方向现今植被和环境的实际考察并结合上述变化规律,未来高原北部干旱变化的趋势将继续由西向东推移。

关键词: 青藏高原北部, 全新世, 花粉百分含量, 蒿属/藜科(A/C)值, 麻黄属/蒿属值, 环境变化

Abstract: Abstract Based on the contrastive analysis of spore-pollen data since Holocene recorded in the same latitude and vertical natural zones Yang Lake deposition Tibetan Autonomous Region Kunlun Rive deposition and Doucuo (Kuhai) Lake deposition Qinghai Province The results in these three regions have been given that (1) Ephedra as dry and desert vegetation the average percents are 7.7 in Yang Lake 4.2 in Kunlun Rive 7.5 in Doucuo (Kuhai) Lake and the datum in Yang Lake is higher than others; (2) Gramineae as humid vegetation the average percents are 1.2 in Yang Lake 4.9 in Kunlun Rive 12.0 in Kuhai Lake increasing gradually from west to east; (3) Artemisia as humid vegetation the average percents are 22.2 in Yang Lake 43.6 in Kunlun Rive 48.8 in Kuhai Lake increasing gradually from west to east; (4) Chenopodiaceae as dry vegetation the average percents are 52.1 in Yang Lake 42.4 in Kunlun Rive 11.5 in Kuhai Lake however decreasing gradually from west to east; (5) Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae(A/C), the average data as environmental changing index are 0.45 in Yang Lake 1.23 in Kunlun Rive 5.59 in Kuhai Lake increasing gradually from west to east and there is higher data scope during 3.0 $\sim 4.3$ ka BP in these two lake sediment profiles then decreasing; (6) Ephedra / Artemisia data are all increased, but the amplitude is different such as 0.45 in Yang Lake 0.34 in Kunlun Rive 0.28 in Kuhai Lake decreasing gradually from west to east These Characteristics have indicated that the dry level decreased gradually from west to east and its evolving tendency is still from west to east including a short wet period in the northern of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since Holocene after reconstructing from spore-pollen data of Paleovegetation and Paleoenvironment

Key words: northern of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Holocene, pollen percents, Artemisia / Chenopodiaceae(A/C) data, Ephedra / Artemisia data, environmental changes

中图分类号:

Q914

赵振明, 刘爱民, 彭伟, 计文化, 李荣社, 王毅智, 朱迎堂. 青藏高原北部孢粉记录的全新世以来环境变化[J]. 干旱区地理, 2007, 30(3): 381-391.

ZHAO Zhenming, LIU Aimin, PENG Wei, JIWen-hua, LI Rong-she,WANG Yi-zhi, ZHU Ying-tang. Holocene environmental changes of northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau based on spore-pollen analysis[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2007, 30(3): 381-391.

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青藏高原北部孢粉记录的全新世以来环境变化

Holocene environmental changes of northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau based on spore-pollen analysis

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