中国式现代化与新基建共生关系演化研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国式现代化为实现中华民族伟大复兴指明了康庄大道，新基建既是国家发展的当务之急，又是长远支撑。将共生理论引入中国式现代化与新基建共生发展中，在阐述中国式现代化与新基建共生发展内涵的基础上，运用共生度模型探究中国式现代化与新基建共生发展的时空演化关系，并构建要素间的共生关系。结果表明：（1）中国式现代化与新基建之间构成了稳定的共生关系，通过共生度模型分析发现两者以寄生关系为主，由新基建发展带动实现中国式现代化，北京表现出互惠共生模式，广东等地逐渐向互惠共生模式转变。（2）从空间角度来看，北京和江苏的共生系数较高，浙江、上海等地的共生关系转向新基建带动中国式现代化发展，西部地区共生系数波动不大；同时共生系数高值区、均衡发展区主要分布在中部和东部地区，新基建发展对推动实现中国式现代化的作用明显。（3）核密度分析发现，区域差异有所降低；分区域来看，东北地区的共生曲线呈现“平坦-峰值”情况，东部地区表现出极强的韧性，中部地区的差异化明显，西部地区两极分化逐渐减弱。（4）深入分析指标间共生关系发现，信息基础设施在实现人与自然和谐共处方面、融合基础设施在推动人与自然和谐共处、全体人民共同富裕方面有很好的效果。

关键词: 共生发展, 新基建, 中国式现代化, 共生理论

Abstract:

Chinese modernization has pointed out a broad road for the realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. New infrastructure is both an urgent task for national development and a long-term support. The symbiosis theory is introduced into the symbiotic development between Chinese modernization and new infrastructure. On the basis of explaining the connotation of the symbiotic development of Chinese modernization and new infrastructure, the symbiotic degree model is used to explore the spatiotemporal evolution relationship of the symbiotic development of Chinese modernization and new infrastructure, and to construct the symbiotic relationship between the elements. The results reveal the following: (1) A stable symbiotic relationship exists between Chinese modernization and new infrastructure. Analysis using the symbiosis model indicates that the relationship is primarily parasitic. The development of new infrastructure drives the realization of Chinese modernization. Beijing City exhibits a mutually beneficial symbiotic model, Guangdong Province and other places show a gradual transition to reciprocal symbiosis. (2) From a spatial perspective, the symbiotic coefficients of Beijing City and Jiangsu Province are relatively high, and the symbiotic relationship in Zhejiang Province, Shanghai City and other places shifts to the new infrastructure driving the development of Chinese modernization. The symbiotic coefficient in the western region does not fluctuate much; at the same time, the high-value areas of the symbiotic coefficient and the balanced development areas are mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions. The development of new infrastructure plays an obvious role in promoting the realization of Chinese modernization. (3) Kernel density analysis demonstrates a reduction in regional disparities. From a regional perspective, the symbiotic curve in northeast China exhibits a “flat-peak” pattern, with the eastern region demonstrating strong resilience, the central region experiencing noticeable differentiation, and the western region gradually mitigating polarization. (4) In-depth analysis of the symbiotic relationship between indicators found that information infrastructure has a good effect in achieving harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and integrated infrastructure has a good effect in promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature and common prosperity for all people.

Key words: symbiotic development, new infrastructure, Chinese modernization, symbiosis theory

王宁宁, 王勤升, 肖可. 中国式现代化与新基建共生关系演化研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(1): 105-118.

WANG Ningning, WANG Qinsheng, XIAO Ke. Evolution of the symbiotic relationship between Chinese modernization and new infrastructure[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(1): 105-118.

图/表 12

图 1

表1

表2

表3

共生类型"

共生度	共生模式	共生特征
$α c n = α n c, α c n 0, α n c 0$	互惠共生	对称互惠共生
$α c n ≠ α n c, α c n 0, α n c 0$	互惠共生	非对称互惠共生
$α c n = 0, α n c 0$	偏利共生	对正值方有利，负值方不受影响
$α n c = 0, α c n 0$	偏利共生	对正值方有利，负值方不受影响
$α c n 0, α n c 0$	寄生	对正值方有利，对负值方有害
$α c n 0, α n c 0$	寄生	对正值方有利，对负值方有害
$α c n = α n c = 0$	无共生关系	独立发展
$α c n 0, α n c 0$	无共生关系	互相抑制

表3

表4

共生度计算结果"

省区市	2010年		2014年		2018年		2021年
省区市	$α c n$	$α n c$	$α c n$	$α n c$	$α c n$	$α n c$	$α c n$	$α n c$
北京	0.105	5.069	0.120	3.963	0.221	3.110	0.188	2.678
天津	0.521	-0.041	0.533	-0.047	0.557	-0.092	0.565	-0.243
河北	0.632	-0.256	0.632	-0.222	0.657	-0.549	0.714	-1.123
山西	0.476	-0.095	0.492	-0.118	0.542	-0.237	0.544	-1.101
内蒙古	0.626	-0.089	0.646	-0.087	0.665	-0.217	0.678	-0.427
辽宁	0.497	-0.261	0.514	-0.225	0.535	-0.442	0.546	-0.882
吉林	0.611	-0.095	0.626	-0.088	0.643	-0.163	0.652	-0.309
黑龙江	0.702	-0.411	0.717	-0.345	0.740	-0.632	0.744	-1.182
上海	0.317	-0.264	0.334	-0.247	0.346	-0.396	0.359	-1.931
江苏	0.310	-1.981	0.334	-1.659	0.368	32.710	0.370	2.880
浙江	0.330	-0.276	0.346	-0.244	0.367	-0.669	0.379	-2.950
安徽	0.366	-0.144	0.389	-0.150	0.413	-0.548	0.419	-0.893
福建	0.334	-0.099	0.347	-0.111	0.368	-0.601	0.369	-0.839
江西	0.481	-0.092	0.495	-0.087	0.521	-0.210	0.520	-0.480
山东	0.268	-0.439	0.285	-0.441	0.308	-1.438	0.330	3.932
河南	0.415	-0.203	0.440	-0.223	0.475	-0.769	0.489	-4.566
湖北	0.387	-0.159	0.417	-0.159	0.437	-0.395	0.440	-1.173
湖南	0.291	-0.130	0.318	-0.177	0.341	-0.491	0.342	-2.313
广东	0.174	-0.317	0.186	-0.361	0.200	-4.648	0.211	3.814
广西	0.388	-0.088	0.407	-0.067	0.432	-0.182	0.425	-0.584
海南	0.147	-0.025	0.162	-0.031	0.168	-0.097	0.168	-1.044
重庆	0.414	-0.064	0.435	-0.089	0.454	-0.201	0.460	-0.529
四川	0.238	-0.215	0.263	-0.207	0.302	-0.584	0.291	13.899
贵州	0.524	-0.096	0.561	-0.087	0.594	-0.297	0.610	-0.676
云南	0.503	-0.089	0.525	-0.078	0.553	-0.240	0.552	-0.514
陕西	0.396	-0.166	0.426	-0.150	0.450	-0.505	0.462	-1.216
甘肃	0.668	-0.111	0.700	-0.101	0.720	-0.236	0.731	-0.422
青海	0.833	-0.013	0.850	-0.013	0.867	-0.027	0.867	-0.074
宁夏	0.829	-0.015	0.843	-0.033	0.852	-0.043	0.854	-0.092
新疆	0.507	-0.057	0.522	-0.055	0.550	-0.129	0.563	-0.387

表4

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

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一级指标	二级指标	具体指标	方向
信息基础设施	通信网络基础设施	移动电话基站数量	+
		物联网相关企业	+
		工业互联网相关企业	+
		卫星互联网相关企业	+
	新技术基础设施	人工智能相关企业	+
		云计算相关企业	+
		区块链相关企业	+
	算力基础设施	数据中心相关企业	+
融合基础设施	智慧交通基础设施	轨道交通里程	+
	智慧交通基础设施	智慧交通相关企业	+
	智慧能源基础设施	特高压相关企业	+
		充电桩相关企业	+
		智慧能源相关企业	+
	智慧城市	智慧生活相关企业	+
	智慧城市	智慧医疗相关企业	+
创新基础设施	重大科技基础	国家科技产业园数量	+
	科教基础设施	高等学校数量	+
	产业技术创新基础设施	高新技术特色产业基地数量	+
	产业技术创新基础设施	科技孵化器数量	+

一级指标	二级指标	三级指标	方向
人口规模巨大的现代化	人口分布	城镇化率	+
	人口增长	人口自然增长率	+
	健康保障	每千人拥有卫生技术人员	+
	生活质量	城镇居民恩格尔系数	-
	生活质量	农村居民恩格尔系数	-
	人力资本	地区内就业人口总量	+
	人力资本	每十万人口高等教育在校生数量	+
全体人民共同富裕的现代化	基本社会保险	医疗保险覆盖率	+
	基本社会保险	失业保险覆盖率	+
	城乡收入差距	城乡居民可支配收入泰尔系数	-
	城市公共交通和服务水平	城市公共交通客运量	+
	城市公共交通和服务水平	人均城市道路面积	+
	城市公共设施	城市燃气普及率	+
物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化	文化建设	公共图书馆数量	+
		公共博物馆数量	+
		人均藏书量	+
		创意产业园区数量	+
		文化产业收入占比	+
	教育建设	高等教育效率	+
	教育建设	教育事业经费占比	+
	创新能力建设	地区内专利数量	+
	创新能力建设	科学事业经费占比	+
	社会治理水平	公共安全财政支出占比	+
	社会治理水平	公共服务支出占比	+
	经济水平	地区生产总值	+
	收支情况	城市居民可支配收入	+
	收支情况	城镇居民人均消费水平	+
人与自然和谐共处的现代化	环境治理	生活垃圾无公害处理率	+
		污水处理厂集中无公害处理率	+
		废物综合利用率	+
	污染排放	PM_2.5浓度	-
		SO₂排放量	-
		氮氧化物排放量	-
		烟尘排放量	-
	绿化水平	城市建成区绿化覆盖率	+
		公园个数	+
		森林覆盖率	+
走和平发展道路的现代化	贸易开放水平	进出口总额	+