中国副省级及以上特大城市人口空间分布与多中心性研究

干旱区地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 415-423.

中国副省级及以上特大城市人口空间分布与多中心性研究

赵新正, 李梦雪, 李秋平, 李同昇, 芮旸

西北大学城市与环境学院, 陕西西安 710127

收稿日期:2016-11-02 修回日期:2017-01-10 出版日期:2017-03-25
通讯作者: 芮旸(1985-),男,安徽省合肥人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为区域发展与城乡规划.Email:ruiyang@nwu.edu.cn
作者简介:赵新正(1983-),男,河南省安阳人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为城市地理和城市经济.Email:xzzhao@nwu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41401184）；教育部人文社会科学青年基金（14YJCZH222）

Population distribution and polycentric spatial structure of Chinese megacities above the vice-provincial level

ZHAO Xin-zheng, LI Meng-xue, LI Qiu-ping, LI Tong-sheng, RUI Yang

College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi, China

Received:2016-11-02 Revised:2017-01-10 Online:2017-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于第五、六次人口普查数据及年鉴统计数据，选取我国12 个副省级以上特大城市为研究对象，运用GIS 探索性空间数据分析等方法对我国特大城市的人口时空演化及其空间结构特征进行研究。结果显示：（1）我国特大城市人口增长态势明显，总量差距逐步缩小，人口分布呈“总体均衡、局部集中”的格局。（2）近域扩张特征明显，城市内部人口密度差别较大，特大城市局部地区人口空间极化与空间扩散效应并存。（3）各城市人口分布多中心性存在明显的分化特征，且随着时间的推移特大城市的多中心程度有弱化趋势。

关键词: 人口分布, 空间结构, 多中心, 特大城市

Abstract: Most of the existed researches of population distribution are based on single megacity and concentrate on few megacities like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, et al. However, few researches consider in detail whether there are some common and specific population distribution laws in and between all the Chinese megacities. This paper tries to answer the question by analyzing the spatial population distribution, evolution and polycentricity of 12 megacities above the vice-provincial level in China, including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Xi'an, Shenyang and Harbin. Quantitative indicators including Inequality Index, Moran Index and Polycentric Index were used in our analysis to indicate the inequality, agglomeration and polycentric character of population distribution in Chinese megacities. According to the results, the total population of almost all the Chinese megacities kept growing from 2000 to 2014. Meanwhile, the gap of total population between different megacities shrank from 2000 to 2014. The population distribution overall kept balance among different megacities but concentrated in some specific local region like some downtown districts for a single megacity. Most of the emerging region were around the high density population area, which means the megacities were more likely to expend continuously close to the inner suburban district. Both the obviously high and increasing spatial agglomeration processes and diffusion processes were found in the population distribution and evolution process in megacities from 2000 to 2014. The polycentricity of population in different megacities varied, Shenzhen, Chongqing and Harbin showed obvious polycentricity, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Xi'an were changing from single center to multicenter, Tianjin and Shenyang showed inconspicuous single center with population concentrate in very few downtown districts. The polycentric tendency of most megacities was weakening along the time. Generally speaking, through a broad and systematic research about Chinese megacities, this paper makes the common law and specific law of the population distribution more clear, which also provides some useful suggestions for the megacity development and planning.

Key words: population distribution, spatial structure, polycentric, megacities

中图分类号:

K901.3

赵新正, 李梦雪, 李秋平, 李同昇, 芮旸. 中国副省级及以上特大城市人口空间分布与多中心性研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(2): 415-423.

ZHAO Xin-zheng, LI Meng-xue, LI Qiu-ping, LI Tong-sheng, RUI Yang. Population distribution and polycentric spatial structure of Chinese megacities above the vice-provincial level[J]. , 2017, 40(2): 415-423.

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