艾比湖湿地边缘带典型植物固碳能力研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过采用美国LI-COR公司生产的LI-6400 便携式光合仪对艾比湖湿地芦苇和柽柳的光合速率进行测定,计算出光合速率对植物固碳能力,结果表明:芦苇日均固碳为2.4 g·m^-2·h^-1,柽柳日均固碳为2.2 g·m^-2·h^-1;储碳量方面由于芦苇分布面积小且光合周期短,总体上表现为芦苇 <柽柳;外部环境因素(太阳辐射、温度、相对湿度、大气CO₂浓度)对植物固碳能力的影响表现出了不同的重要性,芦苇与柽柳之间存在较大的差异.对芦苇的影响表现为:相对湿度 >太阳辐射 >大气CO₂浓度 >温度;对柽柳的影响表现为:温度 >太阳辐射 >相对湿度 >大气CO₂浓度;两类植物储碳量计算结果表明,芦苇和柽柳均具有较强储碳能力,芦苇年均储碳量约为1.3×10⁸t左右,柽柳年均储碳量约为1.6×108 t左右,芦苇与柽柳对艾比湖湿地的碳循环功能有着重要的影响作用.

关键词: 艾比湖, 固碳能力, 储碳量, 芦苇群落, 柽柳群落

Abstract: Wetland plays an important role in the global carbon cycle,which can degrade the carbon dioxide levels, slow down the greenhouse effect,and maintain the balance of ecological system. Carbon fixation is an important ecosystem service of wetland and the carbon cycle is realized mainly by the photosynthesis of green plants. The Ebinur Lake Wetland has rich vegetation,and plants in the wetland edge are very high in carbon sequestration capacity,which has an important effect on the ecological balance and economic development of the surrounding environment. Plants carbon pool has an important influence on the carbon sequestration capacity of wetland. In this paper,the carbon storage capacity and carbon storage of two kinds of plant communities,Phragmites communis and Tamarix chinensis,in the marginal zone of Ebinur Lake Wetland were calculated according to the plants carbon sequestration capacity and carbon storage which were studied at first. The photosynthesis data used in this study were measured by LI-6400 photosynthetic instrument produced by LI-COR Company of American. It took three days to measure the photosynthesis,and the measurement time is selected from 9:00 to 19:00 in summer. When measuring photosynthetic rate,the number of blades,plant height,crown width,leaf area index and surrounding environment conditions were recorded at the same time. The results show as follows:(1)The average size of carbon conversion ability of Phragmites communis was 2.4 g·m^-2·h^-1,while that of Tamarix chinensis was 2.2 g·m^-2·h^-1;The maximum net photosynthetic rate of Phragmites communis appeared at about 13:00 at noon, while for Tamarix chinensis maximum,it appeared about an hour later after midday.(2)In terms of the carbon storage amount in plant communities,it overall shows:Phragmites communis < Tamarix chinensis.(3)Through the correlation analysis between the carbon sequestration capacity and external environmental factors of Phragmites communis and Tamarix chinensis,the results show that external environment(PAR,Tair,RH,Ci)has an important influence on the carbon sequestration capacity of plants,but there are great differences between Phragmites communis and Tamarix chinensis. The importance of the external environmental factors for carbon sequestration capacity on Phragmites communis,from most to least,were ranked as:RH > PAR > Ci > Tair;while for Tamarix chinensis,they were ranked as:Tair > PAR > RH > Ci.(4)Phragmites communis and Tamarix chinensis have strong storage carbon capacity,and the amount of annual carbon storage of Phragmites communis is about 1.3×10⁸ t,Tamarix chinensis is about 1.6×10⁸ t. The carbon storage capacity of the two kinds of plant communities has an important significance for improving the ecological service for the Ebinur Lake Wetland. Therefore,increasing the area of Phragmites communis and Tamarix chinensis can help enhance and improve the function of the wetland carbon cycle.

Key words: Ebinur Lake Wetland, carbon sequestration capacity, carbon storage amount, Phragmites communis community, Tamarix chinensis community

中图分类号:

Q945.11

宋亮平, 楚新正, 杨晶. 艾比湖湿地边缘带典型植物固碳能力研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2016, 39(1): 136-143.

SONG Liang-ping, CHU Xin-zheng, YANG Jing. Carbon sequestration capacity of typical plants in marginal zone of the Ebinur Lake Wetland[J]. , 2016, 39(1): 136-143.

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