呼和浩特市生活性服务业空间布局特征及评价

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000–6060.2021.04.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过以呼和浩特市为例,采用多源城市大数据,基于核密度估计法、局域Getis-Ord G*指数、标准差椭圆、Ripley’s K函数分析生活性服务业空间布局特征,运用双变量莫兰指数对各类生活性服务业的供给与需求进行评价并提出优化布局建议。研究表明：（1）生活性服务业集聚中心的密度值随着距城市中心距离的增加而降低;各类生活性服务业分布重心大致相同,东西方向上发展较快。（2）生活性服务业分布存在显著的冷热点集聚区;各类生活性服务业在不同尺度上的空间集聚表现不同,居民与家庭服务、医疗健康服务、住宿餐饮服务在较大空间范围内表现出集聚特征,区位选择的尺度范围较大。（3）各类生活性服务业的供给与需求均呈空间正相关关系,但存在显著差异;在供需平衡的原则下,昭乌达路、鄂尔多斯大街、新华大街等几条主要道路上的生活性服务业空间布局存在明显不合理之处。

关键词: 生活性服务业, POI数据, 空间布局, 双变量莫兰指数, 呼和浩特市

Abstract:

The urban life service industry is closely related to the daily life of urban residents. In this study, the central urban area of Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia, China was taken as an example. Multisource urban big data were collected, and the spatial layout characteristics of the life service industry were analyzed with the kernel density estimation method, local Getis-Ord G^* index, standard deviation ellipse, and Ripley’s K function. Then, bivariate Moran’s I was used to evaluate the supply and demand of various life service industries and suggest an optimal layout. The results are as follows. (1) The density of agglomeration centers of the life service industry decreased with increasing distance from the city center. The distribution centers of various life service industries showed roughly the same trend. However, the development was more rapid in east-west directions. (2) There were significant cold and hot clusters in the distribution of the life service industry. Various types of life service industry had different spatial agglomerations at different spatial scales. Residential and family services, medical health services, and accommodation and catering services showed a large range of space clustering features, and the scale of location selection was relatively large. (3) The supply and demand of all types of life service industries had a positive correlation spatially, but there were significant differences. Under the principle of balance between supply and demand, there were obvious irrational points in the spatial layout of the life service industry on several major roads, such as Zhaowuda Road, Ordos Street, and Xinhua Street. This research can serve as a reference for the future spatial planning and structural adjustment of the service industry in Hohhot City.

Key words: life service industry, POI data, space layout, bivariate Moran’s I, Hohhot City

李小璨,阿荣,佟宝全. 呼和浩特市生活性服务业空间布局特征及评价[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(4): 1186-1197.

LI Xiaocan,A Rong,TONG Baoquan. Characteristics and evaluation of the spatial distribution of life service industry in Hohhot City[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2021, 44(4): 1186-1197.

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ID	行业分类	POI数据内容	数量/个	比例/%
1	居民和家庭服务	汽车维修、美容美发店、中介机构、洗衣店、人才市场、丧葬、广告装饰等	22878	23.15
2	医疗健康服务	医院、医药保健销售店、医疗保健服务场所、诊所等	4181	4.23
3	批发与零售服务	加油站、综合市场、便利店、家居建材市场、花鸟鱼虫市场、特色商业街、汽车销售等	38494	38.96
4	住宿餐饮服务	快餐厅、中餐厅、糕饼店、外国餐厅、咖啡厅、宾馆酒店、甜品店等	23536	23.82
5	教育培训服务	学校、培训机构、图书馆、文化宫、科技馆、博物馆、展览馆等	3863	3.91
6	金融保险服务	银行、自动提款机、保险公司、证券公司、财务公司等	1665	1.68
7	文化体育休闲娱乐	游泳馆、运动场馆、娱乐场所、度假疗养场所、影剧院、传媒机构等	2206	2.23
8	城市休憩服务	公园广场、风景名胜、公厕等	1111	1.12
9	生活网络信息传输服务	邮局、物流速递、电讯营业厅等	888	0.90
总计	-	-	98822	100.00

需求（供给）类型	高-高（第一象限）		低-高（第二象限）		低-低（第三象限）		高-低（第四象限）		P值
需求（供给）类型	总和	占比/%	总和	占比/%	总和	占比/%	总和	占比/%	P值
居住（城市休憩服务）	211	19	54	5	603	54	243	22	0.001
居住（教育培训服务）	1059	27	562	15	1745	45	497	13	0.001
居住（金融保险服务）	486	29	276	17	704	42	199	12	0.001
居住（居民和家庭服务）	7043	31	1961	9	11690	51	2184	10	0.001
居住（批发与零售服务）	8943	23	3921	10	18117	47	7513	20	0.001
居住（生活网络信息传输服务）	226	25	132	15	418	47	112	13	0.001
居住（文体休闲娱乐服务）	389	18	155	7	1083	49	579	26	0.001
居住（医疗健康服务）	1246	30	553	13	2003	48	379	9	0.001
居住（住宿餐饮服务）	5774	25	2222	9	11658	50	3882	16	0.001