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干旱区地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 201-210.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.01.23

• 生物与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

民勤绿洲青土湖植被优势种地上生物量估算

张华，张玉红，张改改   

  1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，甘肃兰州730070
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-01 修回日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2020-01-05 发布日期:2020-01-05
  • 作者简介:张华（1978－），女，副教授，博士，主要从事生态水文与环境遥感方面的研究工作. E-mail: zhanghua2402@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41461011）

Aboveground biomass estimation of the dominant species of vegetation in the Qingtu Lake at Minqin Qasis

ZHANG Hua,ZHANG Yu-hong,ZHANG Gai-gai   

  1. College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China
  • Received:2019-03-01 Revised:2019-06-12 Online:2020-01-05 Published:2020-01-05

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摘要： 青土湖区域属于绿洲—荒漠过渡带，生态系统脆弱，极易发展为荒漠。梭梭、白刺和芦苇为青土湖区域的植被优势种，对其生态系统稳定与健康发展起着关键作用。以青土湖区域梭梭、白刺和芦苇为研究对象，利用空间分辨率为0.5 m的高分辨率遥感影像Worldview-2，采用辅以纹理特征的面向对象分类方法，提取梭梭和白刺的冠幅面积以及芦苇的分布面积；根据野外试验数据，建立梭梭和白刺地上生物量与冠幅面积、芦苇地上生物量与分布面积关系模型。利用关系模型、冠幅面积以及分布面积对青土湖区域植被优势种地上生物量进行了估算，实现了植被优势种地上生物量估算由“点”到“面”的转换。结果表明：（1） 采取辅以纹理特征的面向对象分类方法取得了较高的分类精度，总体Kappa系数为87.9%，总体精度达到91.3%。（2） 研究区植被优势种地上生物量总量为3.17×103 t，其中梭梭地上生物量为0.54×103 t，白刺地上生物量为0.90×103 t，芦苇地上生物量为1.73×103 t，地上生物量芦苇>白刺>梭梭。该研究可以为深入研究青土湖区域生态恢复与碳储量提供参考。

关键词: 地上生物量, 植被优势种, Worldview-2, 青土湖

Abstract: The Qingtu Lake area at Minqin Qasis, Gansu Province, China belongs to the oasis-desert transition zone, and its ecological system is fragile and easy to develop into a desert. As dominant species of vegetation in the Qingtu Lake area, Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria tangutorum and Phragmites australis play an important role in the stability and healthy development of ecological system. Therefore, we selected the Qingtu Lake area as study area and took dominant species of the vegetation as the study objects. First, we applied object-oriented classification method with texture features to extract canopy breadth of Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria tangutorum and distribution area of Phragmites australis by high-resolution remote sensing image with a spatial resolution of 0.5 m (Worldview-2). Second, a model was established for the relationship between aboveground biomass and canopy breadth of Haloxylon ammodendron and Nitraria tangutorum and aboveground biomass and distribution area of Phragmites australis based on the field test data. Third, we estimated aboveground biomass of dominant species of vegetation with the model combined with the canopy area and distribution area in the Qingtu Lake area, which has achieved the conversion of aboveground biomass estimation of dominant species of vegetation from the “point” to the “area”.Results showed as follows: (1) Object-oriented classification method with texture features achieved good classification results, the overall Kappa coefficient was 87.9%,and the overall accuracy of 91.3%. (2) Total above ground biomass of the dominant of the vegetation in the study area was 3.17×103 t, and the aboveground biomass of Haloxylon ammodendron,Nitraria tangutorum,Phragmites australis was 0.54×103 t, 0.90×103 t, 1.73×103 t, respectively. Aboveground biomass was in the rank of Phragmites australis>Nitraria tangutorum>Haloxylon ammodendron. This paper could provide references for further study on ecological restoration and carbon reserve in Qingtu Lake area.

Key words: aboveground biomass, vegetation dominant species, Worldview-2, Qingtu lake