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2019 , Vol. 42 >Issue 5: 1141 - 1152

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.05.20

区域发展

中国西北地区城镇化质量的时空变化分析

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  • 1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101； 2 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101； 3 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京 100049
鲍超(1978-)，男，湖北麻城人，博士，副研究员，硕士生导师，近期主要从事城镇化与城市可持续发展研究. E-mail: baoc@igsnrr.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2019-01-10

  修回日期: 2019-03-28

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(41571156)；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA20040401）；国家自然科学基金重大项目(41590844)

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Spatiotemporal variations of urbanization quality in northwest China

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  • 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100101,China; 2 Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100101,China; 3 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Received date: 2019-01-10

  Revised date: 2019-03-28

  Online published: 2019-09-19

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摘要

 

中国政府近年来着力推行新型城镇化，关注城市可持续，强调城镇化发展模式由“数量增长型”向“质量提升型”转变。然而，城镇化质量的内涵并未取得共识，中国政府部门也未发布权威的城镇化质量评价体系。为此，本文建立了城镇化质量综合评价指标体系，并根据国内外发展经验确定了各级指标的分级标准。采用模糊隶属度函数和熵技术支持下的层次分析法，对西北地区2000—2014年分地州市城镇化质量的时空变化特征进行了定量测度和详细分析。结果表明：（1） 与国内外先进标准相比，整个西北地区的城镇化质量综合指数一直介于0.4和0.5之间，始终处于中等水平，然而总体呈缓慢波动上升趋势。说明西北地区城镇化质量提升还具有很大的潜力，各级政府今后必须制定各种大力提高城镇化质量的政策。（2） 整个西北地区分要素城镇化质量历年大体上呈现出“城市生态环境质量>城市社会发展质量>城市经济发展质量>城乡及区域一体化质量”的态势。其中，城市生态环境质量一直属于高质量，但近年来有下降的趋势；城市社会发展质量从较低质量变为中等和较高质量；城市经济发展质量从较低质量变为中等质量；城乡及区域一体化质量属于较低或中等质量，但近年来有缓慢上升的趋势。因此，西北地区应根据上述特点协调好这4个指标的关系。（3） 从空间上看，西北地区城镇化质量长期呈现出中等质量城市广泛分布而较低和较高质量城市零星分布的格局，而且分要素城镇化质量的空间分布均具有较强的规律性，但它们与人口城镇化率的时空分布没有明显的相关性。说明西北地区在实施新型城镇化战略的过程中，应根据各地州市的具体情况，因地制宜地协调好城镇化数量与质量的关系。本文为科学认识西北地区城镇化质量的时空特征提供帮助，也可以为类似区域城镇化质量的科学评价提供有效参考。

关键词： ; font-size:10.5pt; ">城镇化质量; 综合评价; 时空演变; 西北地区

本文引用格式

鲍超, 邹建军 . 中国西北地区城镇化质量的时空变化分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019 , 42(5) : 1141 -1152 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.05.20

Abstract

In recent years,the Chinese government has promoted the concept of New-type Urbanization,which stresses urban sustainability and focuses primarily on urbanization quality instead of urbanization quantity.However,how to define and measure urbanization quality has not been authoritatively released by the Chinese government.Therefore,this paper constructed an integrated index system to measure urbanization quality based on its connotation,and ascertained the grading standards for each specific indicator and their integrated indexes according to domestic and overseas experiences.Using the statistical data of 51 prefecture level regions in Northwest China during the time period from 2000 to 2014 and a multi-objective membership function and an AHP model reformed by entropy technology,the spatiotemporal variation of urbanization quality was analyzed in detail.The results show as follows: (1) Compared with the advanced standards in China and abroad,the integrated indexes of urbanization quality of Northwest China were between 0.4 and 0.5,belonging to the medium level all the time.However,it has a trend to increase slowly on the whole.It indicates that Northwest China has great potential to improve the urbanization quality,and the government should pay more attention to make policies on improving the urbanization quality of Northwest China in the future.(2) Among the secondary indexes of urbanization quality,the urban eco-environmental quality was the largest.It belonged to higher quality all along but had a trend of deterioration in recent years.The urban social development quality was the second largest.It was improved from lower to medium and higher quality.The urban economic development quality was the third largest.It belonged to the transitional type between lower and medium quality.The urban-rural and regional integration quality was the smallest.It belonged to medium or lower quality during the period.However,it had a slow increasing trend in recent years.Therefore,Northwest China should deal with the coordinated development at the four aspects of urbanization quality.(3) From a spatial point of view,prefecture level regions with medium urbanization quality were widely distributed,while prefecture level regions with lower and higher urbanization quality were sporadically distributed.The spatiotemporal distributions of the four secondary indexes of urbanization quality also showed strong regularities.However,they had no significant relevance to the spatiotemporal distribution of population urbanization rate.It indicates that Northwest China should promote the coordinated development of urbanization quality and quantity according to local conditions when carrying out the New-type Urbanization Strategy.This paper might help scientifically understand the spatiotemporal features of the urbanization quality in Northwest China,and also provides an effective index system about the urbanization quality for similar regions.

Key words： urbanization quality; integrated assessment; spatiotemporal evolution; northwest China

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