基于生态安全格局确定县域生物多样性保护的优先区域——以布尔津县为例
收稿日期: 2024-06-06
修回日期: 2024-11-05
网络出版日期: 2025-04-18
基金资助
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0902);国家自然科学基金（地区科学基金）项目(42461036)
Determining priority areas for county biodiversity conservation based on ecological security pattern: A case study of Burqin County
Received date: 2024-06-06
Revised date: 2024-11-05
Online published: 2025-04-18
生态安全是人类安全乃至人类生存的重要保障，近年来生物栖息地不断减少，生态问题愈发凸显，构建生态安全格局是保护生物多样性的有效途径。选取新疆布尔津县作为研究区，通过InVEST模型与PLUS模型分析并预测布尔津县2000—2030年的生境质量时空演变特征并识别生态源地，利用电路理论确定生态廊道的空间范围和生物多样性保护的关键区域，针对不同优先级的生态保护区选取最适生态廊道宽度，提出差异化保护策略。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年布尔津县生境质量处于中等水平，平均生境质量指数为0.4978，总体呈先下降后略微上升趋势；2020—2030年布尔津县生境质量指数持续上升。（2） 研究识别出布尔津县生态源地1059.83 km2，建设源地684.26 km2，69条生态廊道以及42处生态夹点；根据两类源地扩张时耗费阻力突变点将研究区划分为不同的生态保护区并确定其保护时的优先次序，并利用新疆重要生态保护地数据对其进行修正。（3） 基于不同分区内野生动物种类分别选取宽度最适的生态廊道并确定其空间范围，最终提出立体生态差异化保护策略，为县域层面的生态保护与区域发展提供参考。
闫晓梅 , 王宏卫 , 罗魁 , 董康宁 , 郭瑞杰 , 郑旭东 . 基于生态安全格局确定县域生物多样性保护的优先区域——以布尔津县为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025 , 48(4) : 586 -598 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.354
Ecological security is fundamental to human well-being and long-term sustainability. However, the ongoing degradation of biological habitats has intensified ecological challenges, highlighting the urgent need for effective biodiversity conservation strategies. This study examines Burqin County in Xinjiang, China, to develop an ecological security framework by analyzing habitat quality dynamics and identifying priority conservation areas. Using the InVEST and PLUS models, we evaluated the spatiotemporal evolution of habitat quality from 2000 to 2030 and mapped ecological source areas. Circuit theory was applied to delineate ecological corridors, ecological pinch points, and key biodiversity conservation zones. Based on optimal corridor widths and conservation priorities, differentiated protection strategies were proposed. The key findings are as follows: (1) From 2000 to 2020, habitat quality in Burqin County remained at a moderate level, with an average habitat quality index of 0.4978. The trend initially showed a decline, followed by slight recovery, while projections indicate a continuous improvement in habitat quality from 2020 to 2030. (2) The study identified 1059.83 km2 of ecological source areas, 684.26 km2 of construction source areas, 69 ecological corridors, and 42 ecological pinch points. Resistance thresholds during source area expansion were used to partition the region into distinct ecological protection zones with prioritized conservation levels. These results were cross-validated with data from Xinjiang’s significant ecological protection areas. (3) Zone-specific ecological corridor widths were determined by considering the spatial distribution of wildlife species, ensuring accurate delineation of their extents.
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