以第三师小海子灌区为研究对象，于2021年4月分层采集土壤样品324份，测定总盐、8大离子和pH值，采用描述性统计、显著性检验与空间插值等方法分析灌区土壤盐分含量以及分布规律。结果表明：（1）小海子灌区土壤受到不同程度盐渍化的危害，土壤总盐及各盐基离子在空间上分布极不均匀，盐分分布大体呈现出西南低、东北高的规律，土壤盐渍化危害最严重的区域为51团和53团。（2）研究区以氯化物硫酸盐盐化土壤为主，分布在51团、44团大部分区域以及50团、53团的部分区域；44团、50团及51团交界处分布有硫酸盐盐化土壤，49团大部分区域为氯化物盐化土壤。（3）研究区表层分布面积最广的为中度盐渍化土壤，其次为轻度盐渍化土壤；重度盐渍化土壤集中分布于51团、44团中部和50团与53团交界处。20~40 cm土层分布面积最大的为轻度盐渍化土壤，其次为中度盐渍化和非盐渍化土壤。研究结果通过明确区域内土壤盐分特征、盐分类型和盐渍化程度，为今后通过不断完善当地灌溉排水管理体系，有针对性地治理土壤盐渍化提供理论依据和数据支撑。

This article chooses the Xiaohaizi Irrigation Area of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Xinjiang, China, as the research object. In April 2021, 324 soil samples were collected in layers (including 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) to determine the total salt, eight major ions, and pH values. Descriptive statistics, significance testing, and spatial interpolation were used to analyze the soil salt content and distribution characteristics in the irrigation area. The results reveal that: (1) The varying degrees of salinization affect the soil in the Xiaohaizi Irrigation Area, and the distribution of total salt and various base ions in the soil is extremely uneven in space. The salt concentration generally exhibits a low distribution pattern in the southwest and high distribution characteristic in the northeast. The areas with the most severe soil salinization hazards are the 51^st and 53^rd regiments. (2) The research area is primarily composed of chloride sulfated soil, distributed in main areas of the 51^st and 44^th regiments and some areas of the 50^th and 53^rd regiments. Sulfated soil is distributed at the junction of the 44^th, 50^th, and 51^st regiments, whereas chloride saline soil is distributed in the majority of the 49^th regiment. (3) Moderately saline soil is the most widely distributed in the surface area of the study area, followed by lightly saline soil. Severely saline soil is concentrated in the 51^st regiment, the middle of the 44^th regiment, and the junction between the 50^th and 53^rd regiments. Lightly saline soil is the soil layer with the largest distribution area of 20-40 cm, followed by moderately saline and nonsaline soil. The research results provide theoretical basis and data support for targeted management of soil salinization by clarifying the characteristics, types, and degree of soil salinity within the region and continuously improving the local irrigation and drainage management system in the future.