黄土丘陵沟壑区农村居民点发展类型识别——以吴起县为例
收稿日期: 2022-07-01
修回日期: 2022-10-03
网络出版日期: 2023-03-31
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41571346)
Identification of rural residential development types in loess hilly and gully region: A case of Wuqi County
Received date: 2022-07-01
Revised date: 2022-10-03
Online published: 2023-03-31
利用最小累积阻力（Minimal cumulative resistance，MCR）模型，从生态和建设2个角度出发，确定居民点布局适宜性，辅以社会网络分析法研究居民点空间网络关系，从居民点整体适宜性和个体重要性出发，识别陕西省延安市吴起县的居民点发展类型。结果表明：（1） 地形和交通条件为决定黄土丘陵沟壑区居民点空间布局的关键约束力，居民点集聚程度整体不高，以带状分布为主，散中有聚。（2） 适宜性分区结果表现出“整体集聚、部分分散”的特征，位于适宜建设区内的农村居民点占62.83%，部分居民点分布影响区域生态稳定性。（3） 现有居民点网络结构不均匀，需培育发展潜力较大的村庄节点，促进村镇地区均衡发展。（4） 基于适宜性及网络分析结果，划分“直接城镇类”“优先发展类”“有条件发展类”“限制扩张类”4种类型并提出相应的发展重点。研究结果可为黄土丘陵沟壑区农村居民点合理规划和发展提供参考。
李嘉会 , 吴金华 , 王祯 , 白雨霞 . 黄土丘陵沟壑区农村居民点发展类型识别——以吴起县为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023 , 46(3) : 397 -406 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.333
This study uses a minimal cumulative resistance model to explore the suitability of a residential area layout from the perspective of ecology and construction and studies network relations of residential areas through social network analysis. Starting from the significance of the overall residential area suitability and individuals, this study also identifies various types of residential development in Wuqi County, Yan’an City, Shaanxi Province, China. The following results are presented. (1) The rural residential areas in Wuqi County have zonal distribution, and a clustering feature is observed in a scattered distribution. The terrain and traffic conditions are the key constraints to determining the residential area distribution in the loess hilly and gully regions. Additionally, the overall clustering degree is low, and the average scale is 1500 m2. (2) Suitability zoning is conducted using the minimal cumulative resistance model to consider the suitability of land use in rural residential areas under the constraints of an ecological environment. In accordance with zoning results, the suitable construction area, buffer zone, and ecological protection area show the characteristics of “overall agglomeration and partial dispersion”. A total of 62.83% of rural residential areas are situated in the suitable construction area and the overall layout is reasonable, but the layout of some residential areas has exerted impacts on the regional ecological stability. (3) Considering the results of network analysis, one central node is found at least in a village and town. However, the existing residential area network structure of some towns is not uniform and the existing network structure cannot boost the development of surrounding nodes. Therefore, village nodes with large development potential should be cultivated to promote the balanced development of villages and towns. (4) On the basis of the results of suitability zoning and network analysis, the zoning can be divided into the following four types: “direct town type”, “prior development type”, “conditional development type”, and “restricted expansion type”, and the corresponding development focuses are introduced. The research results can provide a reference for rational planning and rural residential development in the loess hilly and gully regions.
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