干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.03.16

干旱区地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 694-705.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.03.16

干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例

孙灏¹，马立茹¹，蔡创创¹，黄涛²，吕林涛²，阮琳¹，陈伟¹

1 中国矿业大学（北京）地球科学与测绘工程学院，北京 100083； 2 宁夏回族自治区遥感测绘勘查院（宁夏回族自治区遥感中心），宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2019-11-22 修回日期:2020-04-26 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-25
通讯作者: 马立茹
作者简介:孙灏(1986-)，副教授，安徽太和县人，研究方向为资源环境遥感.E-mail:sunhao@cumtb.edu.cn
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划一般项目（2018BEG03069）；国家自然科学基金项目（41871338）；中国矿业大学（北京）“越崎青年学者”（2018）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（00/800015IE）；全国空间规划试点区资源环境综合地质调查（DD20190506）资助

Evolution of surface temperature and heat island effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia

SUN Hao¹，MA Li-ru¹，CAI Chuang-chuang¹，HUANG Tao²，LV Lin-tao²，RUAN Lin¹，CHEN Wei¹

1 Faculty of Earth Sciences and Surveying Engineering，China University of Mining & Technology，Beijing 100083， China; 2 Remote Sensing Survey and Mapping Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ningxia Remote Sensing Center)， Yinchuan 750021， Ningxia，China

Received:2019-11-22 Revised:2020-04-26 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

宁夏沿黄城市带位于宁夏东北部，不仅是干旱地区地理研究的重点区域，也是宁夏经济发展的核心区域。基于2000—2018年的MODIS地表温度、土地覆盖类型以及植被覆盖率数据，通过计算热岛比例指数 (URI)，利用Mann-Kendall非参数检验及Sen’s斜率估计法，对宁夏沿黄城市带近20 a白天和夜间的地表温度（LST）和热岛效应时间变化进行分析。结果表明：（1）近20 a来，宁夏沿黄城市带大部分地区[WTBX]LST变化不显著，但在植被覆盖率增加区域，白天LST显著减小而夜间LST显著上升；植被覆盖率减小区域与之相反；夜间LST[WTBZ]变化幅度强于白天。（2）宁夏沿黄城市带的热岛效应通常在白天较弱、在夜间较强；白天和夜间时刻的城市热岛效应在一年内呈现不同的季节变化特点,白天春冬较强，夜间夏季较强；过去近20 a，宁夏沿黄城市带白天热岛效应呈现稍微减弱趋势，夜间热岛效应呈现稍微增强趋势，但变化趋势均不显著。（3）从植被覆盖率和地物类型两个影响因素的研究表明，植被覆盖率是影响地表温度变化的重要因素，城建区与郊区主要地物温差的改变是城市热岛强度变化的重要原因。从长时间序列变化的角度详细分析干旱区城市热岛的特征和变化原因，可为干旱区城市热岛带来的环境问题治理提供参考，也为研究干旱区热岛提供了借鉴。

关键词: 城市热岛比例指数, Mann-Kendall非参数检验, Sen’s斜率估计, 土地覆盖类型, 植被覆盖率

Abstract:

The city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia is located at the northeast of Ningxia Province,China.It is both a key area for geographical research in arid areas and the core of economic development in Ningxia.As an important climatic phenomenon related to the process of urbanization,the heat island effect has brought much inconvenience to human life,for which reason it has become a major topic in current urbanization research.Most previous studies have been conducted on wet climate regions,and there are relatively few studies on arid and semi-arid regions.Moreover,the time series used in previous studies has typically been short and their resolution low,hence the analysis of urban-heat-island trends and the reasons for their occurrence are not yet comprehensively understood.Based on MODIS surface temperature products,this paper uses the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and Sen’s slope estimation method to analyze the time trend of surface temperature during the past 20 years along city belt of the Yellow River.Combining MODIS surface temperature data with MODIS land cover type products,and introducing the urban-heat-island ratio index,daily and seasonal changes in the urban-heat-island effect along the city belt and their time series trends over the past 20 years were analyzed.The results show that the surface temperatures of most areas along the city belt in Ningxia have shown an upward trend,which is stronger during nighttime than daytime.An increase of surface coverage is an important reason for this trend.Compared with humid climates,the heat island effect along the city belt shows different daily and seasonal trends.At nighttime,the heat island effect is stronger than during the daytime and in over course of one year,the heat island effect is stronger in winter and spring at daytime but stronger in summer at nighttime.The heat island effect in the study areas shows a decreasing trend,whereas the nighttime heat island effect show an increasing trend,but the trend was not found to be significant.Finally,land and vegetation cover types were analyzed.To some extent,our results indicate that urbanization and surface coverage are equally important contributions to heat islands along the study area.Surface coverage increases during the daytime can weaken surface temperatures increases,while promoting such increases at night.Increased surface coverage can thus alleviate increases in surface temperature during the daytime.Urbanization does not necessarily promote the heat island effect during daytime,but sometimes mitigates its effect on low vegetation coverage areas,such as bare land.Nonetheless,the impact of urbanization on the heat island effect is more obvious at night.This study provides a direction for the management of arid areas and a reference for studies of temporal and spatial changes in surface temperature due to the heat island effect in other arid regions.It also gives guidance for studies concerning the influence of such phenomena in other arid regions．

Key words: urban-heat-island ratio index, Mann-Kendall nonparametric test, Sen’s slope estimation, surface cover type, surface vegetation coverage

孙灏, 马立茹, 蔡创创, 黄涛, 吕林涛, 阮琳, 陈伟. 干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(3): 694-705.

SUN Hao, MA Li-ru, CAI Chuang-chuang, HUANG Tao, LV Lin-tao, RUAN Lin, CHEN Wei.

Evolution of surface temperature and heat island effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(3): 694-705.

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干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例

Evolution of surface temperature and heat island effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia

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干旱区地表温度和热岛效应演变研究——以宁夏沿黄城市带为例

Evolution of surface temperature and heat island effect in arid areas: A case of city belt along the Yellow River in Ningxia

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