半干旱草原型流域不同时间尺度降水特征分析

干旱区地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 304-312.

半干旱草原型流域不同时间尺度降水特征分析

李玮¹, 刘廷玺¹, 格日乐吐², 段利民¹, 高瑞忠¹, Buren SCHARAW³

1. 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018;
2. 通辽市水文勘测局, 内蒙古通辽 028006;
3. Application Center for System Technologies, Fraunhofer IOSB, Ilmenau 98693, Germany

收稿日期:2016-12-08 修回日期:2017-03-10 出版日期:2017-03-25
通讯作者: 刘廷玺(1966-),男,内蒙古赤峰人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为干旱区生态水文.Email:txliu1966@163.com
作者简介:李玮(1989-),男,山西忻州人,博士研究生,主要进行干旱半干旱地区水文过程研究.Email:liweixl0012@163.com
基金资助:
国家国际科技合作专项（2015DFA00530）；教育部创新团队发展计划（IRT13069）联合资助

Precipitation characteristics at different time scales for a semi-arid steppe watershed

LI Wei¹, LIU Ting-xi¹, Geriletu², DUAN Li-min¹, GAO Rui-zhong¹, Buren SCHARAW³

1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China;
2. Tongliao Hydrological Survey Bureau, Tongliao 028006, Inner Mongolia, China;
3. Application Center for System Technologies, Fraunhofer IOSB, Ilmenau 98693, Germany

Received:2016-12-08 Revised:2017-03-10 Online:2017-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于锡林浩特气象站1960-2015年逐日降水数据，运用M-K法、R/S 法和Morlet 小波法，分析了半干旱草原型流域——锡林河流域近56a不同时间尺度下降水趋势及突变特征、未来变化趋势、降水周期规律的变化情况。结果表明：近56a来锡林河流域年降水量呈下降的趋势，在1974、1980、1989年和1998年发生过4次突变，存在28a的主周期变化。夏季降水特征和年降水特征基本一致，冬季降水量呈显著上升的趋势。汛期8月份降水量呈显著下降的趋势，并在1998年左右发生突变，降水第一主周期在12a处，非汛期11和12月份降水量都呈显著上升的趋势，其中，12月份降水在2000 年左右发生显著突变，这两个月份降水的第一主周期分别是30a和9a。不同时间尺度下降水序列的Hurst指数均>0.5，说明流域降水趋势具有持续性，未来降水趋势与过去保持一致。

关键词: 半干旱草原型流域, 时间尺度, 降水趋势, 突变及周期

Abstract: Analysis of the precipitation characteristics has been paid wide attention in recent years because it is an important hydrologic factor that is intimately connected with the distribution of water resources and the human life. However, previous researches about the precipitation characteristics were most carried out in arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China, it cannot reflect the steppe watershed. Therefore, an analysis of the precipitation characteristics for a steppe watershed is necessary. By using the daily precipitation data obtained from Xilinhot meteorological station from 1960 to 2015, M-K, R/S and Morlet's wavelet methods were used to analyze the precipitation trend and abrupt change characteristic, the future trend, and the precipitation cycles at different time scales in a semi-arid steppe watershed—the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia, China. The results show that the annual precipitation presented a nonsignificant decreasing trend and four abrupt changes took place in 1974, 1980, 1989 and 1998 during recent 56 a. There were a major cycle of 28 a, and two minor cycles of 4 a and 6a which occurred in the period from middle 1970s to the late 1990s and after the late 1990s, respectively. At the seasonal scale, the characteristic of summer precipitation was basically consistent with that of the annual precipitation, the rainfall of autumn had a large fluctuation, and the precipitation of the other two seasons both increased, especially in winter, the precipitation presented a significantly increasing trend. The precipitation in August of the flood season presented a significant decreasing trend and changed in 1998, and the first major cycle was 12 a. The precipitation in November and December of the non-flood season demonstrated a significantly increasing trend, therein, precipitation in December in 2000 showed a significant abrupt change. The first major precipitation cycles during the two months were 30 a and 9 a, respectively. The Hurst indices of the precipitation series at different time scales were all greater than 0.5, indicating that the precipitation had a persistent trend, the change of future precipitation will be consistent with that of the past. This conclusion can provide a reference for the management of water resources and ecological protection in Xilin River Basin in the future. However, the precipitation data selected in this study has some limitations. Besides, in recent years, with the process of urbanization, the transformation of basin underlying surface caused by human activity is also increasing, which also has an effect on the precipitation in this region. Therefore, the influence of human activities on the precipitation will be taken into consideration in further research.

Key words: semi-arid steppe watershed, time scales, precipitation trend, abrupt change and cycles

中图分类号:

P332.1

李玮, 刘廷玺, 格日乐吐, 段利民, 高瑞忠, Buren SCHARAW. 半干旱草原型流域不同时间尺度降水特征分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(2): 304-312.

LI Wei, LIU Ting-xi, Geriletu, DUAN Li-min, GAO Rui-zhong, Buren SCHARAW. Precipitation characteristics at different time scales for a semi-arid steppe watershed[J]. , 2017, 40(2): 304-312.

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