基于WSR系统方法论的山西省古建筑遗产资源旅游利用潜力评估研究

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2025.243

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于物理-事理-人理（WSR）系统方法论构建了古建筑遗产资源旅游利用潜力评估的理论模型，运用层次分析法、加权核密度估计、聚类和异常值分析等方法，分析了山西省古建筑遗产资源的旅游利用潜力及空间格局，并依据旅游利用潜力的优劣势组合状况划分了各处古建筑遗产资源的类型，进而分类探讨了其旅游利用策略。结果表明：（1）旅游利用潜力很强或较强的古建筑多集中于省会城市、地级市的市区及附近地区，而旅游利用潜力较弱或很弱的古建筑多分布于省际或市际交界地区。（2）在物理维度处于优势的古建筑多集中于古建筑遗产资源富集区域，在事理维度处于优势的古建筑分布呈现明显的文旅产业指向，在人理维度处于优势的古建筑分布呈现明显的经济指向。（3）山西省古建筑遗产资源旅游利用强潜力区空间格局呈现“三核三带”的特征，县级行政单元中属于高-高集聚区、低-低集聚区和不显著区的分别有26、23个和68个。（4）依据制定的旅游利用潜力分类标准，属于Ⅰ~Ⅷ型的古建筑分别有85、18、45、42、38、51、43、99处。今后应依据资源个体旅游利用潜力的类型状况和旅游利用潜力的空间格局，推进山西省古建筑遗产资源旅游利用。

关键词: 古建筑, 遗产资源, 旅游利用潜力, WSR系统方法论

Abstract:

In response to national mandates for the deep integration of culture and tourism, and to support Shanxi Province’s development into a cultural powerhouse and an internationally renowned tourism destination, this paper constructs a theoretical model to evaluate the tourism utilization potential of ancient architectural heritage resources based on the Wuli-Shili-Renli system methodology. Using the analytic hierarchy process, weighted kernel density estimation, and clustering and outlier analysis, the study examines the utilization potential and spatial patterns of these resources across Shanxi Province. Each ancient architectural heritage site is classified according to its specific advantages and disadvantages regarding tourism potential, followed by a discussion of tailored tourism utilization strategies. The results indicate that: (1) Ancient architectures with very strong or relatively strong tourism utilization potential are predominantly concentrated in the urban areas and adjacent regions of the provincial capital and prefecture-level cities, whereas those with weak or very weak tourism potential are mainly distributed in interprovincial or intercity border areas. (2) Ancient architectures advantageous in the Wuli dimension are mainly distributed in heritage-rich regions; those advantageous in the Shili dimension show a distinct cultural and tourism industry orientation; and those advantageous in the Renli dimension exhibit a clear economic orientation. (3) The spatial pattern of areas with strong tourism utilization potential presents the characteristics of “three cores and three belts”, with 26, 23, and 68 county-level administrative units identified as high-high clustering areas, low-low clustering areas, and insignificant areas, respectively. (4) According to the established classification criteria for tourism utilization potential, the architectural sites are categorized into types Ⅰ-Ⅷ, with 85, 18, 45, 42, 38, 51, 43, and 99 sites belonging to each respective type. To promote the tourism utilization of these sites, the paper proposes several strategies, including high-end cultural and tourism supply, core landscape enhancement, service improvement, resource integration-driven strategies, project cultivation, industry advantage driven strategies, industry environment support strategies, and financial support promotion. Future utilization of Shanxi Province’s architectural heritage resources should be promoted based on the classification type of each site and their broader spatial distribution patterns. Furthermore, the government should implement measures such as integrating advantageous resource elements, implementing resource zoning management, improving subject participation mechanisms, and constructing cultural relic-themed tourist routes.

Key words: ancient architecture, heritage resource, tourism utilization potential, Wuli-Shili-Renli system methodology

王冠孝, 王伟, 闫闪闪, 赵媛, 甄程元. 基于WSR系统方法论的山西省古建筑遗产资源旅游利用潜力评估研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2026, 49(6): 1299-1309.

WANG Guanxiao, WANG Wei, YAN Shanshan, ZHAO Yuan, ZHEN Chengyuan. Evaluation of tourism utilization potential of ancient architectural heritage resources in Shanxi Province based on the Wuli-Shili-Renli system methodology[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2026, 49(6): 1299-1309.

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目标层	准则层	权重	指标层	权重	指标性质
古建筑遗产资源旅游利用潜力	物理	0.3484	古建筑遗产资源价值	0.4920	+
			30 km范围内古建筑遗产资源数/处	0.1951	+
			到最近高速公路收费站距离/km	0.1497	-
			到所在地级市中心距离/km	0.1632	-
	事理	0.3405	30 km范围内其他类型全国重点文物保护单位数/处	0.0928	+
			30 km范围内中国传统村落数/个	0.1407	+
			所在地级市国家级非遗代表性项目数/项	0.1171	+
			所在地级市文艺团体数/个	0.0809	+
			30 km范围内A级景区优势度	0.0724	+
			30 km范围内餐饮场所数/处	0.0601	+
			30 km范围内住宿场所数/处	0.0652	+
			30 km范围内旅游购物场所数/家	0.0610	+
			30 km范围内文化体育娱乐场所数处	0.0602	+
			30 km范围内旅行社数/处	0.0644	+
			所在地级市旅游总人次/10⁴人次	0.0877	+
			所在地级市人均旅游花费元	0.0975	+
	人理	0.3111	所在县（市、区）第三产业增加值/10⁴元	0.0914	+
			年度夜间灯光强度/nW·cm^-2·sr^-1	0.0839	+
			所在县（市、区）居民人均可支配收入/元	0.1282	+
			所在县（市、区）数字化指数	0.1464	+
			所在地级市R&D经费支出/10⁴元	0.1660	+
			所在地级市年均空气质量指数	0.3841	-

类型	代码	旅游利用潜力的特征	旅游利用策略
W-S-R	Ⅰ	在3个维度处于优势	高端文旅供给策略
w-S-R	Ⅱ	仅物理维度处于劣势	核心景观提升策略
W-s-R	Ⅲ	仅事理维度处于劣势	配套服务改进策略
W-S-r	Ⅳ	仅人理维度处于劣势	资源整合驱动策略
W-s-r	Ⅴ	仅物理维度处于优势	龙头项目培育策略
w-S-r	Ⅵ	仅事理维度处于优势	产业优势带动策略
w-s-R	Ⅶ	仅人理维度处于优势	产业环境支撑策略
w-s-r	Ⅷ	在3个维度处于劣势	财政支持推进策略