河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP古植被演替及最暖月气温变化特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.721

干旱区地理 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 1913-1925.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.721 cstr: 32274.14.ALG2024721

河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP古植被演替及最暖月气温变化特征

马紫轩¹(), 李新玲¹^,²(), 蔡茂堂³, 李志洲¹, 朱海宇¹, 刘思维¹

1.河北师范大学地理科学学院，河北石家庄 050024
2.河北省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室，河北石家庄 050024
3.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-11-28 修回日期:2025-02-08 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-26
通讯作者: 李新玲（1985-），女，博士，副教授，主要从事环境演变与全球变化研究. E-mail: lixinling@hebtu.edu.cn
作者简介:马紫轩（1992-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事环境演变与全球变化研究. E-mail: mazixuan@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年项目(42002197)

Characteristics of paleovegetation succession and temperature variation in the warmest month at ~68.6—46.4 ka BP in the Hetao Basin

MA Zixuan¹(), LI Xinling¹^,²(), CAI Maotang³, LI Zhizhou¹, ZHU Haiyu¹, LIU Siwei¹

1. College of Geographic Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
3. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2024-11-28 Revised:2025-02-08 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于河套盆地HJ01钻孔已有年代框架，对湖相沉积物中207个样品进行了孢粉分析，并利用加权平均偏最小二乘回归（WAPLS）方法定量重建了河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP的最暖月气温变化过程。结果表明：（1）河套盆地内植被类型以荒漠草原为主，主要科属含量在不同阶段存在差异；周围山地发育以云杉为主的针叶林，经历了2期扩张和1期退缩。（2）~68.6—57.0 ka BP最暖月气温为14.2 ℃，在10.1~16.9 ℃之间波动，表明气候整体寒冷；~57.0—52.2 ka BP最暖月气温平均升高1.5 ℃，最高时可达15.7 ℃，并在10.5~21.6 ℃之间波动，表明气候转暖；~52.2—46.4 ka BP最暖月气温为15.8 ℃，在13.2~17.8 ℃之间波动，表明气候相对温暖。（3）重建最暖月气温与全球典型古气候记录对比显示，北半球夏季太阳辐射及欧亚冰量的变化可能是影响河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP最暖月气温变化的重要驱动因素。研究结果可为预测未来冰期气候变化提供科学参考。

关键词: MIS4, 河套盆地, 孢粉组合, 古气候定量重建, 古植被演替

Abstract:

Utilizing the established age framework of the HJ01 borehole in the Hetao Basin, Inner Monglia, China, we conducted pollen analysis on 207 samples from lacustrine sediments. We employed the weighted average partial least squares regression method to quantitatively reconstruct the temperature changes during the warmest month in the Hetao Basin from approximately 68.6 ka BP to 46.4 ka BP. The results indicate the following. (1) The primary vegetation types in the Hetao Basin are desert grasslands, with variations in the content of major families and genera at different stages; the surrounding mountainous areas have developed coniferous forests, predominantly of spruce, which have experienced two phases of expansion and one phase of retreat. (2) From approximately 68.6 ka BP to 57.0 ka BP, the warmest month temperature averaged 14.2 ℃, fluctuating between 10.1 ℃ and 16.9 ℃, suggesting an overall cold climate. The average temperature increase during the warmest month from approximately 57.0 ka BP to 52.2 ka BP was 1.5 ℃. The highest temperature recorded was 15.7 ℃, with fluctuations between 10.5 ℃ and 21.6 ℃, indicating a warming climate. From approximately 52.2 ka BP to 46.4 ka BP, the warmest month temperature averaged 15.8 ℃, with fluctuations between 13.2 ℃ and 17.8 ℃, reflecting a relatively warm climate. (3) By comparing the reconstructed temperatures of the warmest month with typical global paleoclimate records, we find that changes in summer solar radiation and Eurasian ice cover in the Northern Hemisphere may significantly influence temperature variations during the warmest month in the Hetao Basin from approximately 68.6 ka BP to 46.4 ka BP. These findings provide a scientific basis for predicting future glacial climate changes.

Key words: MIS4, Hetao Basin, pollen assemblage, quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate, paleovegetation succession

马紫轩, 李新玲, 蔡茂堂, 李志洲, 朱海宇, 刘思维. 河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP古植被演替及最暖月气温变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025, 48(11): 1913-1925.

MA Zixuan, LI Xinling, CAI Maotang, LI Zhizhou, ZHU Haiyu, LIU Siwei. Characteristics of paleovegetation succession and temperature variation in the warmest month at ~68.6—46.4 ka BP in the Hetao Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025, 48(11): 1913-1925.

图/表 15

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

图4

表4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 43

[1]	欧廷海, 钱维宏. 东亚季风边缘带上的植被变化[J]. 地球物理学报, 2006, 49(3): 698-705.
	[Ou Tinghai, Qian Weihong. Vegetation variations along the monsoon boundary zone in East Asia[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2006, 49(3): 698-705. ] doi: 10.1002/cjg2.v49.3
[2]	Zhang Y C, Piao S L, Sun Y, et al. Future reversal of warming-enhanced vegetation productivity in the Northern Hemisphere[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2022, 12(6): 581-586. doi: 10.1038/s41558-022-01374-w
[3]	刘立娜. 内蒙古及邻近地区表土花粉组合及其与植被和气候的定量关系[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学, 2016.
	[Liu Lina. The surface oil layers and their quantitative relationships with modern vegetation and climate in Inner Mongolia and surrounding areas[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2016. ]
[4]	赵楠楠. 宁夏平原第四纪以来孢粉组合与古气候定量重建[D]. 北京: 中国地质科学院, 2020.
	[Zhao Nannan. Palynological assemblages and quantitative reconstruction of paleoclimate in Ningxia Plain since Quaternary[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 2020. ]
[5]	Cai M T, Ye P S, Yang X C, et al. Vegetation and climate change in the Hetao Basin (northern China) during the last interglacial-glacial cycle[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2019, 171: 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2018.11.024
[6]	Lisiecki L E, Raymo M E. A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ¹⁸O records[J]. Paleoceanography, 2005, 20(1): PA1003, doi: 10.1029/2004pa001071.
[7]	杨劲松, 王永, 赵红梅. 晚更新世以来萨拉乌苏河流域主元素的地球化学特征及古环境意义[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2016, 30(11): 148-153.
	[Yang Jinsong, Wang Yong, Zhao Hongmei. The geochemical characteristics and paleoenvironmental significance based on major elements of Salawusu River Valley since Late Pleistocene[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2016, 30(11): 148-153. ]
[8]	陈发虎, 范育新, Madsen D B, 等. 河套地区新生代湖泊演化与“吉兰泰-河套”古大湖形成机制的初步研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 2008(5): 866-873.
	[Chen Fahu, Fan Yuxin, Madsen D B, et al. Preliminary study on the formation mechanism of the “Jilantai: Hetao”megalake and the lake evolutionary history in the Hetao region[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2008(5): 866-873. ]
[9]	李建彪, 冉勇康, 郭文生. 呼包盆地第四纪地层与环境演化[J]. 第四纪研究, 2007, 27(4): 632-644.
	[Li Jianbiao, Ran Yongkang, Guo Wensheng. Division of Quaternary beds and environment evolution in the Hubao Basin, China[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2007, 27(4): 632-644. ]
[10]	中国科学院计算机网络信息中心. DEM数字高程数据[DB/OL]. [2024-05-12]. http://www.gscloud.cn/.
	[Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences. DEM digital elevation data[DB/OL]. [2024-05-12]. http://www.gscloud.cn/.]
[11]	吴利杰, 张翼龙, 石建省, 等. 河套盆地第四纪沉积古地理特征及演化[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2019, 33(8): 135-145.
	[Wu Lijie, Zhang Yilong, Shi Jiansheng, et al. Quaternary sedimentary paleogeography characteristics and evolution of Hetao Basin[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2019, 33(8): 135-145. ]
[12]	Liu S W, Li X L, Zhang S R, et al. Fire history in arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China during the last glacial period inferred from a charcoal record in Hetao Basin[J]. PLoS One, 2025, 20(2): e0318816, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318816.
[13]	Blaauw M, Christen J A. Flexible paleoclimate age-depth models using an autoregressive Gamma process[J]. Bayesian Analysis, 2011, 6: 457-474. doi: 10.1214/ba/1339616472
[14]	Fægri K, Kaland P E, Krzywinski K. Textbook of pollen analysis 4^th Edition[M]. Caldwell: The Blackburn Press, 2011.
[15]	唐领余, 毛礼米, 舒军武, 等. 中国第四纪孢粉图鉴[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016: 1-601.
	[Tang Lingyu, Mao Limi, Shu Junwu, et al. Quaternary spore pollen atlas of China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016: 1-601. ]
[16]	王伏雄, 钱南芬, 张玉龙, 等. 中国植物花粉形态[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1995: 1-461.
	[Wang Fuxiong, Qian Nanfen, Zhang Yulong, et al. Pollen morphology of Chinese plants[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1995: 1-461. ]
[17]	Cao X Y, Tian F, Herzschuh U, et al. Human activities have reduced plant diversity in eastern China over the last two millennia[J]. Global Change Biology, 2022, 28(16): 4962-4976. doi: 10.1111/gcb.v28.16
[18]	Fick S E, Hijmans R J. WorldClim2: New 1 km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2017, 37(12): 4302-4315. doi: 10.1002/joc.2017.37.issue-12
[19]	Cao X Y, Tian F, Telford R J, et al. Impacts of the spatial extent of pollen-climate calibration-set on the absolute values, range and trends of reconstructed Holocene precipitation[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2017, 178: 37-53. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.030
[20]	Etten E V. Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO[J]. Austral Ecology, 2005, 30(4): 486-487. doi: 10.1111/aec.2005.30.issue-4
[21]	Cao X Y, Herzschuh U, Telford R J, et al. A modern pollen-climate dataset from China and Mongolia: Assessing its potential for climate reconstruction[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2014, 211: 87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2014.08.007
[22]	郑卓, 张潇, 满美玲, 等. 中国及邻区利用孢粉进行古气候定量重建的回顾与数据集成[J]. 第四纪研究, 2016, 36(3): 503-519.
	[Zheng Zhuo, Zhang Xiao, Man Meiling, et al. Review and data integration of quantitative paleoclimate reconstruction using sporulation in China and neighboring regions[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2016, 36(3): 503-519. ]
[23]	梁琛, 赵艳, 秦锋, 等. 孢粉-气候定量重建方法体系的建立及其应用—以青藏高原东部全新世温度重建为例[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2020, 50(7): 977-994.
	[Liang Chen, Zhao Yan, Qin Feng, et al. Pollen-based Holocene quantitative temperature reconstruction on the eastern Tibetan Plateau using a comprehensive method framework[J]. Scientia Sinica (Terrae), 2020, 50(7): 977-994. ]
[24]	范保硕, 李月丛, 吕厚远, 等. 华北平原东北部小冰期干湿变化特征及其驱动机制[J]. 第四纪研究, 2022, 42(6): 1586-1600.
	[Fan Baoshuo, Li Yuecong, Lü Houyuan, et al. Characteristics and driving mechanisms of dry-wet variation in the northeast area of North China Plain during the Little Ice Age[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2022, 42(6): 1586-1600. ]
[25]	Da S, Zhang Z, Li Y, et al. Pollen-based quantitative paleoclimatic record spanning the Mid-Brunhes Event in the Nihewan Basin, north China[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2023, 612: 111-377.
[26]	吴思琪, 魏海芹, 陈春珠, 等. 中国季风边缘区表土孢粉分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 48(1): 53-62.
	[Wu Siqi, Wei Haiqin, Chen Chunzhu, et al. Distribution characteristics and its influencing factors of surface soil pollen in the marginal monsoon region of China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024, 48(1): 53-62. ]
[27]	Telford R J, Birks H. A novel method for assessing the statistical significance of quantitative reconstructions inferred from biotic assemblages[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2011, 30(9-10): 1272-1278. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.03.002
[28]	韩岳婷, 李建勇, 刘剑波, 等. 准噶尔盆地西部花粉对植被的指示性研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(5): 773-781. doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.437
	[Han Yueting, Li Jianyong, Liu Jianbo, et al. Indicative study of pollen on vegetation in western Junger Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2023, 46(5): 773-781. ] doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.437
[29]	Sugita S. Pollen representation of vegetation in Quaternary sediments: Theory and method in patchy vegetation[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1994, 82(4): 881-897. doi: 10.2307/2261452
[30]	Zhu Y, Chen F H, Cheng B, et al. Pollen assemblage features of modern water samples from the Shiyang River drainage, arid region of China[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 2002, 44(3): 367-372.
[31]	Li X L, Wei M J, Zhang S R, et al. Surface pollen assemblages from different sedimentary environments in the Yinchuan Basin, north China, and their significance for stratigraphic pollen records[J]. Quaternary International, 2021, 583: 103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2021.02.015
[32]	吕厚远, 王淑云, 沈才明, 等. 青藏高原现代表土中冷杉和云杉花粉的空间分布[J]. 第四纪研究, 2004, 24(1): 39-49.
	[Lü Houyuan, Wang Shuyun, Shen Caiming, et al. Spatial pattern of modern Abies and Picea pollen in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2004, 24(1): 39-49. ]
[33]	陈立欣, 张芸, 孔昭宸. 新疆艾比湖小叶桦湿地空气花粉散布特征及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2021, 51(11): 1935-1949.
	[Chen Lixin, Zhang Yun, Kong Zhaochen. Airborne pollen patterns and their relationship with meteorological factors in the Betula microphylla-dominated wetland of Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China[J]. Scientia Sinica (Terrae), 2021, 51(11): 1935-1949. ]
[34]	Zhang S R, Xiao J L, Xu Q H. Regional precipitation variations during Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles in the northern margin of the East Asian summer monsoon region[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2022, 278: 107380, doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107380.
[35]	North Greenland Ice Core Project NGRIP Members. High-resolution record of northern hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period[J]. Nature, 2004, 431: 147-151. doi: 10.1038/nature02805
[36]	Svensson A, Andersen K K, Bigler M, et al. A 60000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology[J]. Climate of the Past, 2008, 4(1): 47-57. doi: 10.5194/cp-4-47-2008
[37]	Wolff E W, Chappellaz J, Blunier T, et al. Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial: The ice core record[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2010, 29(21-22): 2828-2838. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.013
[38]	Petit J R, Jouzel J, Raynaud D, et al. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica[J]. Nature, 1999, 399(6735): 429-436. doi: 10.1038/20859
[39]	Berger A, Loutre M F. Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years[J]. Quaternary Sciences Review, 1991, 10(4): 297-317. doi: 10.1016/0277-3791(91)90033-Q
[40]	Bintanja R, van D W, Oerlemans J. Modelled atmospheric temperatures and global sea levels over the past million years[J]. Nature, 2005, 437(7055): 125-128. doi: 10.1038/nature03975
[41]	Bard E. Climate shock: Abrupt changes over millennial time scales[J]. Physics Today, 2002, 55(12): 32-38.
[42]	Salgueiro E, Voelker A, Abreu L D, et al. Temperature and productivity changes off the western Iberian margin during the last 150 ky[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2010, 29(5-6): 680-695. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.013
[43]	Tabish R, Masood S A, Stephan S, et al. Glacial to Holocene changes in sea surface temperature and seawater δ¹⁸O in the northern Indian Ocean[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2017, 485: 697-705. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.07.026

深度/m	测试年代/ka BP	校正年代/ka BP	稳定同位素/‰
0.65	14.38±40	14.43±40	-21.8
3.80	23.66±90	23.66±90	-24.7
4.48	29.02±150	29.00±150	-26.3
5.30	30.14±160	30.16±160	-24.1
5.75	31.19±180	31.20±180	-24.3
8.40	35.31±270	35.32±270	-24.1

深度/m	铀（U）/µg·g^-1	钍（Th）/µg·g^-1	钾（K）/%	年代/ka BP
11.4	1.92±0.07	6.54±0.29	1.82±0.05	46.03±3.24
18.8	1.82±0.05	5.90±0.18	1.83±0.05	65.22±4.24

方法	距离/km	组分	均方根误差	决定系数	检验后的误差	T检验
WAPLS	800	1	2.7045	0.60923	2.7927	-
		2	2.3962	0.69205	2.5845	0.001
		3	2.3176	0.71186	2.6350	0.685
		4	2.2417	0.73031	2.7240	0.858
	1000	1	2.9247	0.69980	2.9712	-
		2	2.7662	0.73974	2.9013	0.001
		3	2.6803	0.75572	2.9113	0.149
		4	2.6440	0.76221	2.9259	0.157
	1500	1	725.2700	0.15769	781.0700	-
		2	711.4900	0.18899	792.9300	0.529
		3	697.2600	0.22133	808.6800	0.638
		4	688.3200	0.24134	824.9800	0.943
MAT	800	MAT	2.3520	0.71005	2.4588	-
	800	WMAT	2.0321	0.77497	2.1649	-
	1000	MAT	2.3383	0.81541	2.4626	-
	1000	WMAT	2.0828	0.84842	2.2410	-
	1500	MAT	577.9700	0.51834	607.5000	-
	1500	WMAT	568.3000	0.52735	596.4100	-

气候因子	VIF				单气候变量解释程度
气候因子	运行1	运行2	运行3	运行4	解释度/%	P值
年均降水量	2.1148	1.9298	1.8616	1.9820	4.7	0.002
最冷月气温	201.4876	1.5342	4.3666	-	1.8	0.002
最暖月气温	307.6272	1.9914	-	6.6668	7.6	0.002
年均气温	655.5826	-	4.2439	4.9919	0.7	0.002

河套盆地~68.6—46.4 ka BP古植被演替及最暖月气温变化特征

Characteristics of paleovegetation succession and temperature variation in the warmest month at ~68.6—46.4 ka BP in the Hetao Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 15

参考文献 43

相关文章 1

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0