不同下垫面沙通量估算—以策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带为例

干旱区地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 533-540.

不同下垫面沙通量估算—以策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带为例

王翠^1,2,3,4, 李生宇², 雷加强², 李志农⁴, 陈杰⁴, 周杰²

1 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;
2 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
4 新疆交通科学研究院干旱荒漠区公路工程技术交通行业重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2016-09-21 修回日期:2017-02-16 出版日期:2017-05-25
通讯作者: 雷加强(1961-),男(汉族),研究员,主要从事荒漠环境方向的研究.Email:leijq@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:王翠(1988-),女(汉族),在读博士,主要从事荒漠环境的研究.Email:wangcui2003@163.com
基金资助:
国家国际科技合作专项项目（2015DFR31130）；中国科学院“西部青年学者”项目

Sand flux estimation of different underlying surface, a case of Cele oasis-desert ecotone

WANG Cui^1,2,3,4, LI Sheng-yu², LEI Jia-qiang², LI Zhi-nong⁴, CHEN Jie⁴, ZHOU Jie²

1 College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;
2 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4 Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering Technology in Arid & Desert Region Ministry of Transport, Xinjiang Academy of Transportation Sciences, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

Received:2016-09-21 Revised:2017-02-16 Online:2017-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对研究区域风速和沙通量的实测数据，分析了策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带上流动沙地、半流动沙地和固定沙地下垫面风沙活动参数，并进行了不同下垫面模型的推导与验证。研究结果表明：（1）空气动力学粗糙度受到地表植被盖度和风速的共同影响，流动沙漠起沙后，空气动力学粗糙度随风速的增大而升高，半流动沙漠和固定沙漠空气动力学粗糙度随风速的增大而降低，空气动力学粗糙度随地表植被盖度和植被高度等的增大而升高。（2）策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带流动沙漠、半流动沙漠、固定沙漠的沙通量模型利用Bagnold 模型与实际沙通量校正后确定，流动沙漠、半固定沙漠、固定沙漠的幂值分别为3.65、3.57、2.92，B值分别为4.33×10^-11、6.27×10^-11、2.61×10^-9。（3）2014年3～9月，策勒绿洲沙漠过渡带流动沙漠、半流动沙漠（植被盖度约为10%）、固定沙漠（植被盖度约为40%）的输沙通量分别为5 679.4 kg·m^-1、1 033 kg·m^-1和176.2 kg·m^-1，植被对下垫面沙通量的影响显著，半流动沙漠的沙通量为流动沙漠的18.2%，固定沙漠沙通量占流动沙漠沙通量的3%。

关键词: 沙通量, 空气动力学粗糙度, 沙粒粒径, 不同下垫面类型

Abstract: Sand flux is a parameter which measure wind capacity to move sand,and the difference of terrain and vegetation coverage lead to the difference of the erosion of sand bed and sand-blown activity. With measuring data of wind velocity and sand flux in the field of Cele oasis-desert ecotone,Xinjiang,China,the responding parameters for the model corrected by Bagnold were obtained,which would offer a way to estimate the weight of sand flux. The results of the study have showed as follows:firstly,aerodynamics roughness was affected by the underlying surface and wind velocity,plant coverage increased the roughness and the wind velocity played opposite effect,the roughness values in the mobile sandland,semi-mobile sandland,and fixed sandland were 0.03 cm, 0.10 cm and 22 cm respectively. Secondly,the responding B value in mobile sandland was 4.33×10^-11,semi-mobile sandland model was 6.27×10^-11,and fixed sandland model was 2.61×10^-9. These models had excellent relevance with the measured value,which can be explained that the calculated value of sand flux in mobile sandland was 0.93 times to the measured value,and the semi-mobile sandland was 1.07 times,and the coefficient value in mobile sandland and semi-mobile sandland was 0.88 and 0.99 respectively,and the model with the high tested value was applicable in this underlying surface. Thirdly,taking advantage of these models to estimate sand transportation weight from March to September,2014,the calculation results of model indicated that mobile sandland transportation was about 5 679.4 kg·m^-1 in Cele oasis-desert ecotone,semi-mobile sandland transportation was 1 033 kg·m^-1,accounting for 18.2% of the mobile sandland,and fixed sandland transportation was 176.2 kg·m^-1, accounting for 3% of mobile sandland. These data indicated that the existed plants played a vital role in preventing wind velocity and wind-blown disasters. This paper combined the measurement value in the field with the classical aerodynamics model created by Bagnold. As the parameters of the model changed with different underlying, the sand flux was calculated and sand disasters of different plant coverage area were predicated with the models in Cele oasis-desert ecotone. As a whole,the research method is scientific and study results are credible.

Key words: sand flux, aerodynamic roughness, sand particles, different underlying surface

中图分类号:

P931.3

王翠, 李生宇, 雷加强, 李志农, 陈杰, 周杰. 不同下垫面沙通量估算—以策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(3): 533-540.

WANG Cui, LI Sheng-yu, LEI Jia-qiang, LI Zhi-nong, CHEN Jie, ZHOU Jie. Sand flux estimation of different underlying surface, a case of Cele oasis-desert ecotone[J]. , 2017, 40(3): 533-540.

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