山前洪积扇坡面细沟侵蚀跌坑特征的试验研究

干旱区地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 348-354.

山前洪积扇坡面细沟侵蚀跌坑特征的试验研究

赵本山¹, 王生新^1,2, 徐奎³, 徐震³, 汪鹏飞³

1. 兰州大学西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 中国石油西部管道公司, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830013

收稿日期:2016-10-12 修回日期:2017-01-19 出版日期:2017-03-25
通讯作者: 王生新,男,1966 年生,博士,研究员,主要从事地质灾害与地基处理方面的研究工作.Email:wsx5003@163.com
作者简介:赵本山,男,1992 年生,硕士研究生,主要从事地质灾害方面的研究.Email:zhaobsh14@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司西部管道分公司科技开发项目(XG11-2015-001)

Experimental study of drop pit characteristics of rill erosion on foreland pluvial fan slopeland

ZHAO Ben-shan¹, WANG Sheng-xin^1,2, XU Kui³, XU Zhen³, WANG Peng-fei³

1. Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Western Disaster and Environment Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;
2. Geological Hazards Research and Prevention Institute, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;
3. Petrochina West Pipeline Company, Urumqi 830013, Xinjiang, China

Received:2016-10-12 Revised:2017-01-19 Online:2017-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 跌坑的出现是坡面侵蚀过程中的重要现象，标志着细沟侵蚀正在发育，跌坑的贯穿标志着细沟的形成。采用土槽冲刷模型试验，选取流量、坡度、冲刷时间和坡面形态作为影响跌坑发育的因子结合正交试验调查了不同试验条件下跌坑发育特征及影响因素。结果表明：影响跌坑发育的因素主次为冲刷时间、流量、坡面形态、坡度；跌坑沿坡面连续分布，深度具有波动性，沿坡向下呈现先增大后减小的趋势，最大值一般发育在坡面中部；根据跌坑的发育特征将坡面细沟侵蚀划分为片蚀、细沟雏形、细沟发育和细沟调整四个阶段；坡面细沟侵蚀跌坑深宽积与土壤侵蚀量具有较显著线性关系。研究结果对输油管线水毁及水土流失防治具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 洪积扇, 细沟侵蚀, 正交试验, 跌坑

Abstract: The appearance of drop pit is an important phenomenon in the process of slope erosion, which indicates that the rill erosion is developing gradually; the rill formation is marked by the connectivity of the drop pit. The development characteristics and distribution of the pit were investigated by the soil flume flushing model test with orthogonal design of flow, slope gradient, scouring time and slope morphology. From primary to secondary, the order of the factors influencing the development of drop pit ranked as: scouring time, flow, slope morphology, and slope gradient. The drop pit was continuously distributed along the slope and the its depth was volatility. The trend of the pit depth firstly increased and then decreased with the downward trend of slope, and its maximum value was generally in the middle of the slope. According to the characteristics of the development of the pit, the rill erosion of the slope was divided into four stages: sheet erosion, rill prototype, rill development and rill adjustment. There was a significant linear relationship between the product of depth and width of the rill erosion and the soil erosion amount. This result had a certain reference value for researching oil vapor pipeline flood damage and controlling water soil erosion.

Key words: alluvial fan, rill erosion, orthogonal experiment, drop pit

中图分类号:

P931.1

赵本山, 王生新, 徐奎, 徐震, 汪鹏飞. 山前洪积扇坡面细沟侵蚀跌坑特征的试验研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(2): 348-354.

ZHAO Ben-shan, WANG Sheng-xin, XU Kui, XU Zhen, WANG Peng-fei. Experimental study of drop pit characteristics of rill erosion on foreland pluvial fan slopeland[J]. , 2017, 40(2): 348-354.

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