315国道策勒恰哈桥段风沙灾害成因初步分析与治理对策

干旱区地理 ›› 2016, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 754-760.

315国道策勒恰哈桥段风沙灾害成因初步分析与治理对策

李生宇^1,2, 范敬龙^1,2, 王海峰^1,2, 徐新文^1,2, 王世杰^1,2, 罗小刚³, 武新成⁴, 彭琴⁴, 屈磊⁴

1 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2 中国科学院塔克拉玛干沙漠特殊环境监测站, 新疆库尔勒 841000;
3 新疆维吾尔自治区交通厅公路管理局和田公路总段, 新疆和田 848000;
4 新疆生产建设兵团公路科学技术研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2016-03-07 修回日期:2016-05-04 出版日期:2016-07-25
作者简介:李生宇(1975-),男,河北宣化人,博士,副研究员,硕士生导师,主要从事风沙地貌与风沙治理研究.Email:lishy_hb@163.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团交通局项目“沙漠地区公路生态防治技术应用研究”（2015JTKY01）；自治区青年科技创新人才培养工程项目“高立式尼龙网沙障可重复利用技术开发与示范”（2014721034）

Causes and thoughts of comprehensive control of blown sand disaster at Qiaha Bridge of National Highway 315, in Cele County,Xinjiang,Northwest China

LI Sheng-yu^1,2, FAN Jing-long^1,2, WANG Hai-feng^1,2, XU Xin-wen^1,2, WANG Shi-jie^1,2, LUO Xiao-gang³, WU Xin-cheng⁴, PENG Qin⁴, QU Lei⁴

1 Xinjiang Institute of Biology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;
2 Taklimakan Desert Specific Environments Monitoring Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China;
3 The Hotan Total Division, Highway Administration Bureau, Communications Department, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hotan 848000, Xinjiang, China;
4 Highway Institute of Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China

Received:2016-03-07 Revised:2016-05-04 Online:2016-07-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风沙活动是沙区交通线路安全运行的重要威胁。315国道策勒恰哈新桥建成以来，桥（路）面积沙严重，道路通行状况恶化，严重影响交通安全。实地调查发现，该区风沙灾害主要形式是路面片状积沙。根据路况和周边环境条件，结合风沙运动理论，认为沙害主要成因是工程建设大幅改变地表形态和结构，使过境风沙流被强烈扰动而形成滞留积沙，其中台阶式道路横断面、公路波形护栏和不透风桥栏是诱发沙害的关键工程建设因素。最后提出了因地制宜的沙害治理思路，具体措施包括阻-导-固结合的沙源控制、原有路边阻沙堆积隐患的清理、横断面改造以及公路护栏改造。

关键词: 路面积沙, 道路横断面, 护栏, 对策

Abstract: Aeolian activity is one of the most important threats to the safe operation of the transport lines in sandy areas. The Qiaha Bridge,located in Cele County,South Xinjiang,Northwest China,is one important transport node in G315 National Highway. It was built in a gobi desert in the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains and south fringe of the Taklimakan Desert. Though there were very frequent aeolian activities,the elder Qiaha Bridge operated safely in past several decades,but the newly-built Qiaha Bridge was seriously damaged by sand disaster. A field investigation and theoretical analysis concerned with sand disaster of new Qiaha Bridge were conducted in 2011. The sand disaster in the form of sheet-like sand deposition was resulted from the disturbance of sand particles' motion in air flow by morphological changes on the ground surface due to engineering construction,so airflow reduction triggered that most of sand particles were deposited from air flow and further piled up. Actually the sand disaster occurrence is closely related to some details of bridge construction such as stepped road transverse section,unsuitable road safety guardrail,and windtight bridge guardrails. According to the cause of sand disaster, we put forward a series of sand-controlling countermeasures suitable to local conditions. Firstly,some sand source controlling measures such as sand prevention,guide and stabilization should be constructed in the windward side of Qiaha Bridge. Secondly,some microenvironment rehabilitation measures including cross-section grade elimination,wind-gathering board on road shoulder,and displacement of w-beam guardrail with cable guardrail should be settled in order to reduce the wind resistance and increase sand transport capability of wind flow. Thirdly,some hidden troubles of sand disaster such as reed fences original settled at subgrade slope toe and sand deposit around it should be removed.

Key words: sand deposition on road, road cross-section, safety guardrail, sand-controlling countermeasures

中图分类号:

U418

李生宇, 范敬龙, 王海峰, 徐新文, 王世杰, 罗小刚, 武新成, 彭琴, 屈磊. 315国道策勒恰哈桥段风沙灾害成因初步分析与治理对策[J]. 干旱区地理, 2016, 39(4): 754-760.

LI Sheng-yu, FAN Jing-long, WANG Hai-feng, XU Xin-wen, WANG Shi-jie, LUO Xiao-gang, WU Xin-cheng, PENG Qin, QU Lei. Causes and thoughts of comprehensive control of blown sand disaster at Qiaha Bridge of National Highway 315, in Cele County,Xinjiang,Northwest China[J]. , 2016, 39(4): 754-760.

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