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干旱区地理 ›› 2015, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 182-189.

• 区域发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业产业集群的演化阶段与形成机理分析——以宁夏中宁县枸杞加工产业为例

丁瑞1，2，李同昇1，李晓越1，李钢1，3，龙冬平1，李献波1   

  1. （1   西北大学城市与环境学院， 陕西   西安   710127；   2   北京舜土国源信息技术有限公司宁夏分公司， 宁夏   银川   750002；3    中国科学院地球环境研究所， 陕西    西安    710075）
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-04 修回日期:2014-05-10 出版日期:2015-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 李同昇（1960-），男，陕西岐山人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事经济地理学研究. Email：Leetang@nuw.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:丁瑞（1988-），女（回族），宁夏石嘴山人，硕士研究生，主要从事区域发展与产业集群研究. Email：ding_224@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（41271131）

Formation mechanism and evolution stage of agricultural industrial cluster：a case of medlar products processing industry of Zhongning County

DING  Rui1，2，LI  Tong-sheng1，LI  Xiao-yue1，LI  Gang1，3，LONG  Dong-ping1，LI  Xian-bo1 搜索 #xBxDrKgjSTips { Z-INDEX: 999999999; POSITION: absolute; WIDTH: 56px; HEIGHT: 24px; LEFT: 1342177.27em } #xBxDrKgjSTips A { POSITION: relative; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; MARGIN: -32px 0px 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 23px; WIDTH: auto; DISPLAY: block; BACKGROUND: url(http://mat1.gtimg.com/www/sogou/sogou_tips_v1.png) no-repeat 0px 0px; HEIGHT: 24px; COLOR: #000; FONT-SIZE: 12px; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #xBxDrKgjSTips A:hover { BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -34px; COLOR: #45a1ea }   

  1. （1   College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an  710127, Shaanxi, China;  2   Ningxia Institute of Agricultural Surveying and Designing, Yinchuan  750002, Ningxia, China;   3   Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an  710075, Shaanxi, China）
  • Received:2014-02-04 Revised:2014-05-10 Online:2015-01-25

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摘要： 在总结前人研究基础上，借鉴国内外农业产业集群研究的相关理论，以宁夏中宁县枸杞加工产业集群为例，运用企业资料和半结构式访谈法，探讨了农业产业集群的演化阶段和形成机理。研究发现：（1）中宁县枸杞加工产业集群遵循农业产业集群演化的一般发展规律，经历了培育期、成长期及形成期，在不同的发展阶段集群表现出不同特征。（2）地区独特的资源禀赋、历史文化、宏观制度等偶然因素激发集群最初形成，地理临近导致的集聚效应促使集群逐步成长，收益递增引发的路径依赖则进一步促进集群的形成。（3）由于收益递增、路径依赖及企业惯例，集群在演化过程中可能会陷入低效率的锁定状态。为了摆脱这种困境，首先，政府应推动企业间网络合作强度及知识流动，提升集群创新能力；其次，要加强集群与区外联系实现集群在全球价值链上的嵌入，保持集群持续的竞争力。研究结果可为农业产业集群形成及机理研究提供借鉴，为宁夏枸杞加工产业发展提供指导。

关键词: 农业产业集群, 演化阶段, 机理分析, 枸杞, 中宁县

Abstract: For taking a new road to industrialization and building a completely well-off society，the development of the primary industry is more highlighted and a large number of agricultural clusters are developed in current China. At present，more and more attentions has been paid on the study of industrial cluster，while theoretical study on it is relatively less，and the practice of agricultural industry cluster has been beyond theoretical researches. Therefore，it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze China’s agricultural industry cluster. Based on previous research，the theory of domestic and international research of agricultural industry cluster，using secondary data and semi-structured interviews，the paper took medlar products processing industry in Zhongning County，Ningxia Province，China as a case to study the formation mechanism of agricultural industry cluster，the stages of development，in order to provide theoretical guidance and reference for the development of China’s agricultural industry cluster. The results show as follows：（1）Cluster evolution stage of the county can be divided into the cultivation period，growth stage and formation stage，development stage，and the clusters in different stages showed different characteristics. （2） It is the stochastic factor （including macro system，resources endowment，and regional culture，etc） that induced the rise of medlar products processing industry in Zhongning County. A large number of enterprises agglomeration leads to the regional specialization of production，pullulate industry cluster. Increasing return and path dependence are the mechanism that has important influence on the rapid development of clusters. But in course of the rapid development of clusters，specialized regional milieu （government management，labor，market capacity） plays an important role，too. （3） There is a big problem which cannot be ignored，as the benefit increasing，path dependence，and enterprise traditions，the cluster could be locked in the low-efficiency situation. To eliminate this kind of situation，measures of attracting high-level talents and enterprises to settle down in the cluster，promoting the cooperation strengths between enterprises，enhancing the quality and heterogeneity of knowledge and accelerating knowledge transfer within the cluster to uplift the innovation capability of the “clusters”. On the other hand，it is important to utilize the development opportunity of “Ningxia Inland Economic Experimental Zone”，by means of widening the existing enterprise organization boundary，re-allocating new global resources，and expanding new market to keep the sustainable competitiveness of industrial clusters.

Key words: agricultural industrial cluster, evolution stage, mechanism analysis, medlar, Zhongning County

中图分类号: 

  • F307.5