内陆干旱区天然植物群落遥感制图研究——以敦煌盆地为例

干旱区地理 ›› 2014, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1257-1263.

内陆干旱区天然植物群落遥感制图研究——以敦煌盆地为例

陈伟涛¹，孙自永²，李显巨³，杨俊仓⁴

1 中国地质大学（武汉）计算机学院 & 国家遥感中心地壳运动与深空探测部，武汉 430074；
2 中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430074； 3 中国地质大学（武汉）信息工程学院，武汉 430074；
4 甘肃省地质环境监测院，甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2014-01-07 修回日期:2014-03-21 出版日期:2014-11-25
作者简介:陈伟涛，男，博士，讲师，研究方向：水资源遥感. Email：wtchen@cug.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41301026）；甘肃省地质环境监测院委托项目“敦煌盆地生态地质环境与水资源调查研究”

Natural plant communities mapping in inland arid regions：a case of in Dunhuang Basin，northwestern China

CHEN Wei-tao¹， SUN Zi-yong²， LI Xian-ju³， YANG Jun-cang⁴

1 School of Computer Science and Department for Geodynamics & Deep Space Exploration of NRSCC, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; 2 School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; 3 School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; 4 Gansu Province Institute of Geological Environmental Monitoring, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China

Received:2014-01-07 Revised:2014-03-21 Online:2014-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 内陆干旱区天然植物群落与当地居民生活质量、区域生态安全及地质环境关系密切。以敦煌盆地为研究区，选择RapidEye卫星遥感数据开展植物群落遥感制图研究。（1）根据1∶250 000地貌图及1∶200 000水文地质图设置了天然植被样方调查路线，据此实地调查了植物物种、高度、频度、长势等，区内共记录植物31种，分属16科，主要有9种优势植物，分别为红柳、胡杨、芦苇、骆驼刺、白刺、黑果枸杞、獐茅、蒙古韭和盐穗木；（2）结合地貌图及水文地质图，提出了以RapidEye数据为主、多源地学数据支撑的过渡带天然植物群落类型的确定方法：利用植物样方数据集确定单方向上一种特定植物类型到另一种植物类型之间的变化边界；分析RapidEye遥感图像的光谱、纹理和几何特征，基于RapidEye卫星遥感数据确定沿单方向变化的植物类型边界；在植物样方数据集和遥感图像无法精确确定边界的情况下，利用微地貌和地下水流动系统空间分布，确定区域空间上相邻的植物类型边界。基于这些数据集合方法建立了研究区植物群落的遥感解译标志；（3）采用优势种命名法，划分了研究区植物群落分类体系，完成其遥感制图，并分析了其空间分布分别与地貌及土壤盐渍化之间的关系。

关键词: 敦煌盆地, 天然植物群落, RapidEye, 内陆干旱区

Abstract: Natural plant communities in inland arid areas and the quality of life of local residents，regional ecological security and geo-environment are closely related. The Dunhuang Basin，located in the northwestern China，is world-famous for its natural oasis and cultural heritage and selected as the study area. The objective of this paper is to map the distribution of natural plant communities in the area. This not only can provide long-term monitoring data of changes for studying on vegetation and groundwater system，but also can provide data support for ecological restoration project in the area. Thus，the RapidEye satellite remote sensing data was used to carry out remote sensing mapping of plant communities. First，investigation routines of vegetation sampling were set out according to landforms maps 1∶250 000 and 1∶200 000 hydrological maps. In each field site，the vegetation species type and number，vegetation coverage，height，and frequency were recorded. Plants were recorded 31 species belonging to 16 families，and there are nine kinds of dominant plants：Tamarix ramosissima，Popolus euphratica，Phragmites australis，Alhagi sparsifolia，Nitraria tangutorum，Lycium ruthenicum Murr，Allium mongolicum，Aeluropus trin，Halostachys caspica. Then，combined with the landform and hydrological maps，a multi-source geological data type method was supported by transitional method in order to determine the natural plant communities. The remote sensing interpretation signs of plant communities were established. The dominant species nomenclature was used to divide communities’ classification system in the study area and its remote sensing mapping was completed. There are 8 categories single dominant species communities in the area，taking up 73.73% of total study area；11 categories dual dominant species，taking up 22.22% of total study area；12 categories multilayer structure，taking up 4.05% of total study area. Finally，the relationship was analyzed between plant communities and landforms and soil salinization. Single dominant species，two dominant species and multilayer structures are well correspond to the landscape units，but there are the crosses in the same landform units. The higher the degree of soil salinization，the simpler the community structure is and having extremely low vegetation coverage；the lower the degree of soil salinization，the more complex the community characteristics tend to be and having higher vegetation coverage.

Key words: the Dunhuang Basin, natural plant communities, RapidEye, inland arid regions

中图分类号:

陈伟涛，孙自永，李显巨，杨俊仓. 内陆干旱区天然植物群落遥感制图研究——以敦煌盆地为例[J]. 干旱区地理, 2014, 37(6): 1257-1263.

CHEN Wei-tao， SUN Zi-yong， LI Xian-ju， YANG Jun-cang. Natural plant communities mapping in inland arid regions：a case of in Dunhuang Basin，northwestern China[J]. , 2014, 37(6): 1257-1263.

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