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干旱区地理 ›› 2014, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1216-1221.

• 生物与土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

阿尔金山国家级自然保护区基于GIS-生态位模型的野牦牛栖息地辨识研究

苏旭坤1, 董世魁1, 刘世梁1, 刘颖慧2, 石建斌1, 吴娱1, 张翔3, 高峰3, 许东华3   

  1. (1 北京师范大学环境学院,北京师范大学水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875;2 北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875;3 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州阿尔金山国家级自然保护区管理局,新疆库尔勒841000)
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-18 修回日期:2014-02-11 出版日期:2014-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 董世魁(1973-),男,甘肃和政人,博士,教授,主要研究方向:草地生态系统恢复与管理研究. Email:dongshikui@sina.com
  • 作者简介:苏旭坤(1985-),男,黑龙江海伦人,博士研究生,研究方向:主要从事野生动物保护研究. Email:suxukun@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    环保部环保公益项目(201209033);国家十二五科技支撑项目(2012BAC01B02)资助

Using GIS-based niche model to identify habitats for wild yak in Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve

SU Xu-kun1,DONG Shi-kui1,LIU Shi-liang1,LIU Ying-hui2,SHI Jian-bin1,WU Yu1,ZHANG Xiang3,GAO Feng3,XU Dong-hua3   

  1. (1 State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2 College of Resources Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;3 Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve Management Headquarters, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China)
  • Received:2013-12-18 Revised:2014-02-11 Online:2014-11-25

摘要: 阿尔金山国家级自然保护区是青藏高原的特有种—野牦牛的三大保护区之一,客观地划分保护区内不同适宜度的栖息地及其功能分区,是保护野牦牛种群数量持续发展的有效途径。以生态位理论为指导,综合应用GIS 技术和层次分析法,构建基于GIS 的生态位模型,厘定野牦牛的适宜栖息地并划定相应的功能分区。结果表明:面积最大的高适宜性栖息地位于卡尔墩检查站周围区域,保护区北部沿阿尔金山存在着一条高适宜性廊道,面积较小的高适宜性栖息地零星分布在保护区西南部;高适宜性栖息地与中适宜性栖息地的面积总和为1.81×104 km2,占保护区总面积的38.8%。在保护区功能区划上,应将所有的高适宜性栖息作为核心区;应将中适宜性栖息地及以高适宜性栖息地为中心周围5 km的缓冲地带作为缓冲区;保护区内的其他区域应作为实验区。

关键词: 基于GIS的生态位模型, 野牦牛, 阿尔金山国家级自然保护区, 栖息地

Abstract: The Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve is one of 3 refuges for wild yaks in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Identifying habitat suitability objectively is an effective method to keep sustainable development of wild yak populations in the Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve. Guided by niche theory,the paper used GIS and AHP jointly to delimit and classify habitat suitability and functional zones. Results suggest that the largest core high suitability habitat locates in the vicinity of Kardun Inspection Station,which appears core habitat for wild yaks. There is a high suitability corridor which is located in the north part of the Reserve and along Altun Mountains. Several small high suitability areas are located in the southwest part of the Reserve. A total of 18.1×103 km2 of high and moderate suitability habitats for wild yaks is 38.8% of the total area of the Reserve. All high suitability habitats are classified as the core zones;the buffer zones contain moderate suitability habitats and the 5 km-distance buffer areas around the high suitability habitats;the other areas are classified as the experimental zones.

Key words: GIS based niche model, wild yak, the Altun Mountains National Nature Reserve, habitat

中图分类号: 

  • Q958