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干旱区地理 ›› 2013, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 433-440.

• 地表过程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

沙漠腹地人工绿地地表能量交换特征

严坤1,2,李生宇1,雷加强1,王海峰1,孙聪3,严风硕4,李春5   

  1. (1   中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,  新疆    乌鲁木齐    830011;    2    中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,  四川    成都    610041;    3    中国环境监测总站,  北京    100012;    4    中国民用航空总局第二研究所,  四川    成都    610041;5    中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院,  四川    成都    610072)
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-23 修回日期:2012-10-05 出版日期:2013-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 雷加强(1961-),男,博士,研究员,主要从事荒漠环境研究. Email:desert@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:严坤(1983-),男,四川南部县人,硕士,主要从事荒漠环境研究. Email:yankun@imde.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030530);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106025)

Characteristics of surface energy exchange in the artificial shelter forest land of the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

YAN  Kun1,2,LI  Sheng-yu1,LEI  Jia-qiang1,WANG  Hai-feng1,SUN  Cong3,YAN  Feng-shuo4,LI  Chun   

  1. (1   Xinjiang  Institute  of  Ecology  and  Geography, Chinese  Academy  of  Science, Urumqi  830011, Xinjiang, China;   2   Institute  of  Mountain  Hazards and  Environment, Chinese  Academy  of  Sciences, Chengdu  610041, Sichuan, China;   3   China  National  Environmental  Monitoring  Centre, Beijing  100012, China;   4   The  Second  Research  Institute  of  CAAC, Chengdu  610041, Sichuan, China; 5   Hydrochina  Chengdu  Engineering  Corporation, Chengdu  610072, Sichuan, China)
  • Received:2012-08-23 Revised:2012-10-05 Online:2013-05-25

摘要: 运用涡度相关法开路系统对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工灌溉绿地生长季地表能量交换特征以及与环境因子的关系进行测定分析。结果表明:在典型晴天条件下,无论是沙漠区还是沙漠腹地灌溉绿地,白天感热通量在净辐射通量的分配中所占的份额最大,潜热交换仅占很小的比例,人工绿地感热通量和潜热通量的峰值为230.54 W/m2和88.5 W/m2,沙漠区为220 W/m2和17.55 W/m2,沙漠腹地人工灌溉造林后潜热交换明显增加。沙漠腹地造林后,绿地波文比日变幅和日均波文比均减小,绿地日均波文比为沙漠区的15%,人工绿地的营建促使了局地气候的改变。绿地地表能量交换受气象因子和下垫面条件的影响和制约,按相关系数的高低,环境因子对感热、潜热通量的影响依次为:Rn>△Ta>△TS>v>TS,沙漠区人工造林后地表能量交换与多个环境因子有着密切的关系。这些研究结果将加深我们对沙漠地区人工灌溉造林地近地层能量交换的认识。

关键词: 涡度相关, 感热, 潜热, 人工造林, 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地

Abstract: In order to reveal the energy exchange characters of artificial irrigated shelter forest land near the ground surface in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert. The research applied the Eddy Covariance Method to measure sensible heat and latent heat flux on a typical clear day in growing reason. The results showed as follows:(1)Sensible heat flux is a larger proportion of energy and latent heat flux accounts for a small proportion in the desert and artificial shelter forest land. However the latent heat flux in artificial shelter forest land is more than that in desert because of the surface albedo,soil moisture and land cover change after afforesting the shelter-forests. Compared with the desert,the heat flux and latent heat flux peak increase accordingly in artificial irrigated shelter forest land,the peak of latent heat and sensible heat flux are 230.54 W/m2 and 88.5 W/m2 in artificial shelter forest land,thus the desert area is 220 W/m2 and 17.55 W/m2,the surface energy exchange characteristics in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert is similar with other arid areas in northwest China. (2)Average Bowen value is 1.63 in artificial irrigated shelter forest land whereas 10.82 in desert on a typical clear day. After afforesting,average Bowen value and Bowen diurnal range is significantly reduced,only occupied 15% of the desert area,the Bowen in artificial irrigated shelter forest land is similar with oasis in the Northwest China. This proves that microclimate had prompted. (3)Meteorological factors and underlying surface influence surface energy exchange in artificial irrigated shelter forest land. The correlation analysis showed that the order of fitness degree between latent heat and sensible heat flux and single environment factor was: net radiation > variety of air temperature >  variety of soil temperature > wind velocity > soil temperature. The surface energy exchange is closely related to several environmental factors. The result will show the characteristics of surface energy exchange of irrigated afforestation in the desert hinterland.

Key words: eddy covariance; , latent heat flux; , sensible heat flux; , afforestation; , hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

中图分类号: 

  • P422.4