关键词: 青藏线, 沙害成因, 防治途径

Abstract: Railway section from Haergan to Geermu lies in Qingha-i Tibet plateau, crossing Chadamu desert, of the whole line accidents of interrupting and derailment at Ke-Cheng were most serious. In order to learn cause of engendering sand calamity, climatic observation station was built, and at the same time the paper probe into geology and physiognomy and artificial cause, It is showed that strong wind and frequent wind is dynamical factor of forming wind-sand, and extensive diluvium sand is substantial basis leading to wind-sand; Improper factitious activity enhanced local desertification, so that sand calamity of railway is increasingly serious. In railway sand-controlling at this section, both engineering and plant sand-controlling measures are adaptable means in here, and combination of both measures have better effect, and experiments show that engineering sand-controlling measure largely reduced velocity of wind and increased roughness of sand-surface and decrease fluidity of sand surface, create a favorable condition for vegetable growth. Plant sand-controlling measure can stable sand-surface, improve physical and chemical character, enhanced succession from flowing-sand to stabled sand-dune; N. tangutorum Bobr. has the best adaptability to local environment and has the best sand-controlling effec in here. Though groundwater mineralization degree is bigger, watering N. tangutorum Bobr by using the groundwater can enhanced surviving ratio. Since sand-controlling measure was finished, larger economic benefits have been acquired, insure the railway in favorable state of operation.

Key words: Qingha-i Tilet railway, Cause of engendering sand calamity, Controlling-sand approach