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干旱区地理 ›› 1988, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 31-35.doi: 10.13826/j.cnki.cn65-1103/x.1988.02.006

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叶尔羌河、喀什噶尔河流域绿洲环境变化及环境治理

孙万忠1, 周兴佳2, 樊自立2   

  1. 1.新疆林业科学研究院
    2.新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所
  • 出版日期:1988-06-25 发布日期:2025-12-25

The Change and Administration of the Ecological Environment in the Oasis of Yarkant and Kaxgar River Basin

Sun Wanzhong1, Zhou Xinjia2, Fan Zili2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Forestry Institute
    2. Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Published:1988-06-25 Online:2025-12-25

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摘要： 三十多年,叶尔羌河、喀什噶尔河流域,人们通过植树造林及其他综合措施,治理灌溉绿洲内部严重的次生盐渍化耕地和零星沙漠化土地,提高了防御自然灾害的能力;但自然绿洲天然荒漠林锐减、沙漠化强烈发展、草场退化等环境劣变现象尚未根本扭转,亟需采取保护措施。

关键词: 两河流域, 绿洲环境治理

Abstract: The ecological system of the oasis in the tw0 river bains having been affected by the unseasonable artificial activities for 30 years, became worse and worse.
1. The forest on the desert has decreased 1.8 million mu in number (49.34% reduced )，shrubbery have been 65% decreased. These turned more area into desert.
2. The secondary salinized soil amounts to 53.03% of the total. The nutrient of the farmland is in imbalance, fertility is decreased and only 0.845-0.90% of the organic matter is contained in the cu1tivatable layer of soil.
3. Grassland is overladen by herding and caused serious degeneration. During the recent 9 years, 409,000 mu grazing-land have been damaged by digging licorice root. The area of grassland has been reduced by 50%.
In recent years, the ecological system of the oasis is gradually becoming recovered. The main measures in arid-desert area are to build complete oasis and to protect desert vegetations.