冻融干湿交替下灰绿板岩矿质元素释放特征及释放模型

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.097

干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1795-1804.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.097

冻融干湿交替下灰绿板岩矿质元素释放特征及释放模型

王洁¹(),李王成^1,^2,³(),穆敏¹,董亚萍¹

1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院，宁夏银川 750021
2.旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心，宁夏银川 750021
3.省部共建西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2022-03-11 修回日期:2022-04-16 出版日期:2022-11-25 发布日期:2023-02-01
通讯作者: 李王成（1974-），男，博士，教授，主要从事旱区节水灌溉理论与技术等方面的研究. E-mail: liwangcheng@126.com
作者简介:王洁（1996-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事农业水资源高效利用方面的研究. E-mail: 1247502980@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52169010);国家自然科学基金(51869023);宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2021AAC02008);宁夏重点研发计划项目（引才专项）(2019BEB04029);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设资助项目(NXYLXK2021A03);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2019BEH03010)

Mineral element release characteristics and release models for gray-green slate under alternating freeze-thaw and dry-wet conditions

WANG Jie¹(),LI Wangcheng^1,^2,³(),MU Min¹,DONG Yaping¹

1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
2. Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China

Received:2022-03-11 Revised:2022-04-16 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2023-02-01
Contact: Wangcheng LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对宁夏中部干旱带压砂地土壤肥力下降、灰绿板岩矿质元素淋溶释放规律不明等问题，通过室内模拟灰绿板岩冻融干湿循环交替试验，采用修正的Elovich方程、抛物线方程、双常数速率方程、一级动力学方程对各矿质元素的累积释放曲线进行拟合，研究不同粒径板岩在冻融干湿循环作用下的释放动力学特征及最优动力学方程。结果表明：两种粒径灰绿板岩淋溶液中矿质元素淋溶总量随循环次数增大而增大，1 cm粒径灰绿板岩矿质元素累积淋溶总量、淋溶速率在不同循环次数下均大于3 cm粒径。灰绿板岩矿质元素淋溶释放是多因素共同控制的物理、化学过程，其释放过程可大致分为快速反应阶段和反应趋于平衡阶段；压砂地土壤中Ca、K、Mg、P元素的供给量运用修正的Elovich方程预测结果较好，抛物线方程更适用于描述S元素的释放规律。研究结果可为宁夏中部干旱带旱作农田土壤肥力调控提供决策参考。

关键词: 冻融干湿作用, 灰绿板岩, 矿质元素, 淋溶释放

Abstract:

In response to the problems of soil fertility decline in gravel-mulched land in the arid zone of central Ningxia Hui Autonomons Region, China and unclear leaching and release rules of gray-green slate mineral elements, this study conducted an indoor simulated freeze-thaw and dry-wet cycle experiment of gray-green slate, used the modified Elovich equation, parabolic equation, double constant rate equation, and first-order kinetic equation to fit the cumulative release curve of each mineral element, and study the release kinetic characteristics and optimal fitting kinetic equation of slate with different particle sizes under the action of dry-wet freeze-thaw cycles. The results show that the total leaching of mineral elements in the leaching solution of the gray-green slates of two-grain sizes increases with the number of cycles, and the cumulative total leaching of mineral elements and leaching rate of 1 cm grain size slate are greater than those of 3 cm grain size slate at different cycle times. The release of mineral elements from the gray-green slate was a physical and chemical process controlled by multiple factors, and the release process could be roughly divided into the rapid reaction stage and the reaction to the equilibrium stage. The supply of Ca, K, Mg, and P elements in the gravel-mulched land soil was best predicted by the modified Elovich equation, and the parabolic equation was most suitable for describing the release pattern of S elements. The findings of this study could serve as a decision reference for soil fertility regulation of dry farmlands in the arid zone of central Ningxia.

Key words: freeze-thaw and dry-wet cycle, gray-green slate, mineral element, leachate release

王洁, 李王成, 穆敏, 董亚萍. 冻融干湿交替下灰绿板岩矿质元素释放特征及释放模型[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(6): 1795-1804.

WANG Jie, LI Wangcheng, MU Min, DONG Yaping. Mineral element release characteristics and release models for gray-green slate under alternating freeze-thaw and dry-wet conditions[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1795-1804.

图/表 9

表1

动力学方程表达式"

方程名称	表达式	引用文献
一级动力学方程	$l n y = a + b x$	[17]
修正的Elovich方程	$y = a + b l n x$	[24]
双常数速率方程（Freundlich修正式）	$l n y = a + b l n x$	[25]
抛物线方程	$y = a + b x 0.5$	[26]

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

表3

表4

表5

图4

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粒径/cm	元素	方程	决定系数（R²）	平均精度（A）/%
3	Ca	lny=5.259+0.017x	0.767^*	52.991
	K	lny=6.060+0.016x	0.811^*	64.396
	Mg	lny=5.326+0.016x	0.756^*	39.493
	P	lny=2.528+0.015x	0.768^*	70.025
	S	lny=2.418+0.018x	0.919^*	75.061
1	Ca	lny=6.459+0.015x	0.671	54.029
	K	lny=7.274+0.014x	0.694^*	72.753
	Mg	lny=6.291+0.015x	0.629	62.362
	P	lny=3.461+0.013x	0.661^*	68.052
	S	lny=2.794+0.019x	0.858^*	85.724

粒径/cm	元素	方程	决定系数（R²）	平均精度（A）/%
3	Ca	y=-1194.561+444.033lnx	0.978^*	82.915
	K	y=-1976.972+783.465lnx	0.988^**	86.779
	Mg	y=-1029.610+398.601lnx	0.969^*	80.065
	P	y=-52.029+20.999lnx	0.971^*	88.702
	S	y=-62.433+24.301lnx	0.973^*	91.707
1	Ca	y=-2899.032+1134.854lnx	0.923^*	90.219
	K	y=-5543.136+2259.953lnx	0.932^*	94.999
	Mg	y=-2681.822+1025.881lnx	0.895	89.520
	P	y=-107.518+45.157lnx	0.906^*	90.292
	S	y=-104.968+39.410lnx	0.909^*	91.695

粒径/cm	元素	方程	决定系数（R²）	平均精度（A）/%
3	Ca	lny=2.639+0.914lnx	0.890^*	66.020
	K	lny=3.744+0.813lnx	0.926^*	74.912
	Mg	lny=2.964+0.828lnx	0.883^*	55.968
	P	lny=0.346+0.767lnx	0.895^*	79.026
	S	lny=-0.225+0.927lnx	0.981^**	87.140
1	Ca	lny=4.236+0.777lnx	0.815^*	69.131
	K	lny=5.197+0.728lnx	0.837^*	83.409
	Mg	lny=4.002+0.799lnx	0.774^*	74.505
	P	lny=1.512+0.683lnx	0.808^*	78.732
	S	lny=0.005+0.971lnx	0.946^**	95.116

粒径/cm	元素	方程	决定系数（R²）	平均精度（A）/%
3	Ca	y=-445.764+135.948x^0.5	0.940^*	75.084
	K	y=-662.617+240.866x^0.5	0.958^*	80.564
	Mg	y=-354.603+121.627x^0.5	0.925^*	69.751
	P	y=-16.498+6.412x^0.5	0.928^*	83.271
	S	y=-22.843+7.642x^0.5	0.987^**	94.771
1	Ca	y=-950.494+342.39x^0.5	0.861	81.689
	K	y=-1672.109+683.198x^0.5	0.874	89.181
	Mg	y=-910.177+308.029x^0.5	0.828	82.567
	P	y=-29.697+13.583x^0.5	0.841	84.340
	S	y=-40.156+12.306x^0.5	0.968^*	94.561

冻融干湿交替下灰绿板岩矿质元素释放特征及释放模型

Mineral element release characteristics and release models for gray-green slate under alternating freeze-thaw and dry-wet conditions

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