干旱风沙区植被重建初期对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.055

干旱区地理 ›› 2022, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1916-1926.doi: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2022.055

干旱风沙区植被重建初期对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

张力斌^1,²(),何明珠^1,²(),张克存¹,安志山¹,王金国³,惠迎新⁴,贾小龙⁴

1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃兰州 730000
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.宁夏交投工程建设管理有限公司，宁夏银川 750000
4.宁夏交通建设股份有限公司，宁夏银川 750000

收稿日期:2022-02-16 修回日期:2022-04-24 出版日期:2022-11-25 发布日期:2023-02-01
通讯作者: 何明珠（1979-），男，研究员，主要从事恢复生态学等方面研究. E-mail: hmzecology@163.com
作者简介:张力斌（1997-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤生态等方面研究. E-mail: zhanglibin@nieer.ac.cn
基金资助:
宁夏公路建设管理局项目(WMKY1);宁夏交通运输厅科研项目《沙漠腹地高速公路多元融合防护体系研究与应用》

Effect of preliminary vegetation reconstruction on soil microorganism community structure in arid desert area

ZHANG Libin^1,²(),HE Mingzhu^1,²(),ZHANG Kecun¹,AN Zhishan¹,WANG Jinguo³,HUI Yingxin⁴,JIA Xiaolong⁴

1. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Ningxia Transportation Investment Engineering Construction Management Co. Ltd, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China
4. Ningxia Communication Construction Co. Ltd, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia, China

Received:2022-02-16 Revised:2022-04-24 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2023-02-01
Contact: Mingzhu HE

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示干旱风沙区植被重建对土壤微生物群落结构的影响，以乌海至玛沁高速公路腾格里沙漠段生态防护体系的植被重建区土壤为研究对象，以流动沙丘为对照，运用高通量测序技术研究植被重建区土壤微生物群落结构随植被恢复重建的变化特征。结果表明：植被重建区与流沙区土壤微生物群落组成相似，均以放线菌门（58.53%~67.85%）、变形细菌门（16.53%~19.68%）等为优势类群；优势菌属包括诺卡氏菌属、甲基柔膜菌属、微红微球菌属和微枝型杆菌属。与流沙区对照相比，植被重建区显著增加了土壤大部分菌门相对丰度和多样性。植被恢复重建后土壤pH、电导率及盐分含量降低；土壤微生物量磷（MBP）、土壤微生物量碳（MBC）与土壤微生物量碳氮比（MBC:MBN）在植被重建区浅层土壤（0~5 cm、 5~10 cm和10~20 cm）显著高于流沙区。因此，对于沙漠公路生态防护体系而言，植被重建能显著改善其浅层土壤养分状况、微生物相对丰度和多样性水平，是改善沙漠生态环境的重要措施。

关键词: 干旱风沙区, 植被重建, 微生物群落结构

Abstract:

To elucidate the effect of revegetation on soil microbial community structure in an arid desert region, the revegetation area built to protect the Wuhai-Maqin Highway across the Tengger Desert, northwest China from dune blow was selected as the study area. High-throughput sequencing technology was applied to reveal the characteristics of soil microbial community structure under the revegetation, and selecting the moving dune as a comparison. Results found that microbial community composition was similar between the revegetated soil and moving dune, dominated by Actinobacteria (58.53%-67.85%) and Proteobacteria (16.53%-19.68%). Nocardia, Methylotenera, Rubellimicrobium, and Microvirga were the dominant genera in the revegetation area and moving dune. In contrast to the moving dune, the revegetation significantly increased the relative abundance and diversity of most phylum of microorganisms but significantly decreased soil pH, electrical conductivity, and salinity. Furthermore, compared with the moving dune, the revegetation significantly increased soil microbial biomass P and C:N at three soil layers, including 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-20 cm. Overall, the revegetation could significantly improve the nutrient level and the relative abundance and diversity of soil microorganisms at the topsil layer of the desert ecological protection belt beside the highway.

Key words: arid windy sand area, vegetation reconstruction, microbial community structure

张力斌, 何明珠, 张克存, 安志山, 王金国, 惠迎新, 贾小龙. 干旱风沙区植被重建初期对土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(6): 1916-1926.

ZHANG Libin, HE Mingzhu, ZHANG Kecun, AN Zhishan, WANG Jinguo, HUI Yingxin, JIA Xiaolong. Effect of preliminary vegetation reconstruction on soil microorganism community structure in arid desert area[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2022, 45(6): 1916-1926.

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菌属	植被重建区/%	流沙区/%
异常球菌属（Deinococcus）	0.21	2.44
栖水菌属（Enhydrobacter）	0.04	0.72
烟草黄色土源菌属（Flavisolibacter）	0.44	1.00
微红微球菌属（Rubellimicrobium）	1.02	0.80
甲基柔膜菌属（Methylotenera）	1.24	0.81
壤霉菌属（Agromyces）	1.00	0.41
微枝型杆菌属（Microvirga）	1.32	0.72
根瘤菌属（Rhizobium）	0.85	0.01
大理石雕菌属（Marmoricola）	1.27	0.41
诺卡氏菌属（Nocardioides）	7.19	1.33

区域	土层/cm	平均长度/bp	物种数	距离	覆盖度	Chao1指数	Ace指数	Simpson指数	Shannon指数
植被重建区	0~5	411	1815	0.03	0.985	2886	2423	0.980	7.878
	5~10	409	1576	0.03	0.990	1812	1876	0.734	5.033
	10~20	411	1589	0.03	0.992	1750	1778	0.865	6.248
	20~50	411	1073	0.03	0.991	1451	1434	0.744	4.041
	50~100	415	1956	0.03	0.991	2093	2177	0.960	8.100
	平均	411	1602	0.03	0.990	1998	1938	0.857	6.260
流沙区	0~5	412	1908	0.03	0.991	2101	2137	0.986	8.207
	5~10	413	1547	0.03	0.991	1758	1807	0.893	6.212
	10~20	410	1164	0.03	0.988	1730	1675	0.352	2.309
	20~50	410	1362	0.03	0.991	1533	1644	0.549	3.599
	50~100	410	1398	0.03	0.988	1771	1830	0.521	3.330
	平均	411	1476	0.03	0.990	1779	1819	0.660	4.731

区域	土层/cm	pH	EC/μS·cm^-1	Salt/ng·L^-1	MBP/mg·kg^-1	MBC/mg·kg^-1	MBN/mg·kg^-1	MBC:MBN	Eh/mV
植被重建区	0~5	8.21	40.80	0.20	0.18	85.47	0.95	89.95	-63.1
	5~10	8.15	43.00	0.20	0.26	144.19	0.92	156.92	-78.0
	10~20	8.19	41.70	0.20	0.27	392.87	1.16	338.38	-84.0
	20~50	8.13	45.20	0.20	0.03	25.26	1.74	14.54	-89.0
	50~100	8.16	41.80	0.20	0.20	583.18	2.32	251.83	-95.9
流沙区	0~5	7.92	79.60	0.40	0.13	11.19	2.74	4.09	-67.5
	5~10	8.43	78.80	0.40	0.14	63.84	2.32	27.54	-66.2
	10~20	8.41	81.70	0.40	0.05	12.02	1.97	6.09	-66.2
	20~50	8.53	78.30	0.30	0.37	13.68	1.89	7.25	-63.7
	50~100	8.69	74.30	0.30	0.20	90.00	1.35	66.70	-64.0

干旱风沙区植被重建初期对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

Effect of preliminary vegetation reconstruction on soil microorganism community structure in arid desert area

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