昆仑山提孜那甫河流域2012—2016年近地表气温时空分布特征

doi:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2019.03.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于典型高寒内陆河——提孜那甫河流域的6个不同海拔自设气象站的2012—2016年气温数据，分析了该地区不同海拔区域近地表气温的时间变化特征和空间变异特征。结果表明：（1）低、中、高山区均温均可被sine函数高度拟合（R²>87%），且随海拔增高气温波动减弱，时间变化延迟，气温变幅差异减小。（2）日均温与月均温最低值出现月份不同步，且这一情况在海拔相对较高区更易出现。（3）年内尺度不同区域气温空间差异：D1区（麻扎—库地）在秋、冬季最大；D3区（库地达坂—西合休）在春、夏、秋最小；D4区（西合休/库地达坂—莫木克）在夏季最大，冬季最小；D5区（莫木克—江卡）在春季最大，相关分析结果表明：气温空间分异受海拔影响大。研究结果将对提高高寒山区气候特征认知及改善冰雪水循环模拟具有重要促进意义。

关键词: 高寒内陆河, 提孜那甫河流域, 近地表气温, 山区气候特征

Abstract: Nearsurface temperature is a key parameter for the hydrological modeling.It not only directly affects the process of melting snow/glacier and permafrost,but also controls the exchange of water and heat between the surface and the atmosphere.Base on the observed nearsurface temperature data from the six selfestablished meteorological stations in the typical alpine basin-Tizinafu River Basin over the Kulun Mountains,Xinjiang,China from 2012 to 2016,we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the near surface temperature in the study area.The results show as follows: (1) The data of the average temperature can be fitted very well by the sine function ([WTBX]R[WTBZ]2>87%).As the altitude of the stations increases,the dispersion degree of the data is lowered,and the temporal variation got delayed,and the temperature fluctuated less. (2) The occuring months of the lowest dailymean temperature and monthlymean temperature are inconsistent,and the phenomenon appear more frequently at higher attitude. (3) There is a spatial difference about the temperature within a year.The situation of the spatial heterogeneity in temperature had 5 subregions:The maximum of difference degree in space is in D1 (MazaKudi) in autumn /winter and in D5 (MomokeJiangka) in spring; the minimum is in D3 (KudidabanShihshu) in spring,summer and autumn.There is most significant difference in D4 (Shihshu/KudidabanMomoke) in summer and lowest difference in winter. (4) The results of correlation analysis show that the degree of spatial variability of temperature is highly correlated with the altitude.This study would be helpful to understand climatic characteristics on high and cold mountains of central Asia and optimize the water recycling modelling between solid state water and liquid water.

Key words: nearsurface temperature, spatial and temporal distribution, climatic characteristics, water recycling modelling

孙从建, 李伟, 陈伟, 张子宇, 陈若霞. 昆仑山提孜那甫河流域2012—2016年近地表气温时空分布特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2019, 42(3): 459-468.

SUN Congjian, LI Wei, CHEN Wei, ZHANG Ziyu, CHEN Ruoxia. Spatiotemporal distribution of nearsurface temperature over the Tizinafu River Basin in the Kunlun Mountains from 2012 to 2016[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2019, 42(3): 459-468.

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