The Malthus population
principle, which believes the
mass population must lead to the population pressure, and leads to the fragility of the ecosystem, has some fallacies. In fact, with the progress of
society and the development of economy, the problem of hunger has been solved, and the bearing capacity of nature has been
strengthened. With the increase of
population, population pressure
does not necessarily increase, but may decline. Therefore, the relationship between population capacity and
environmental quality is not necessarily reverse. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China is situated between 37°24′-53°23′ N and 97°12′-126°04′E, with a total area of 1.183 million square kilometers. The terrain slopes from northeast to southwest in a
narrow and long shape. In recent years, with the degradation of meadow and farmland caused by overgrazing and cultivation, the relationship between human and land has become more and more
tension in desertification areas, which shows a trend
of excessive pressure on the utilization of natural resources and environmental
carrying capacity. Desertification is an
important problem in the sustainable development of ecological environment and
social economy in northern China. There are many
research results on this problem, but there are few
innovations in the study of the causes of desertification. Referenced the principle of Malthus population, this paper constructed a model from the root of
desertification and a model from the causes of desertification which took the
population pressure into the research innovatively based on the county panel
data of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. This paper analyzed the quantitative relationship
between population pressure and the development and reversal of
desertification, and investigated the
mechanism of population pressure on the development and change of
desertification areas in 68 desertification counties (banners) from 1990 to
2010.In this paper, the population
pressure was divided into grain pressure and enrichment pressure, and 68 counties in Inner Mongolia were divided into
eastern, central and western
regions, and two virtual
variables were introduced. Based on them, we investigated the difference of the effect of
population pressure on desertification in different regions. It is found that within the range of observed data, population pressure is closely related to the
development and change of local desertification. Before 2000, the population pressure increased continuously, which significantly promoted the expansion of
desertification. Since 2000, the population pressure has been continuously reduced
through regional transfer, and the
desertification in this area has been effectively alleviated. The study also showed that the effect of population pressure
on desertification in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region shows obvious temporal
and spatial differences. Through the research, we think that the population pressure is the main
cause of desertification. The last part of the
paper puts forward some suggestions on how to jump out of the Malthus trap at
present. In this paper, the theory of population pressure is applied to the
field of desertification research, and the internal force is detected to explain the
causes and changes of desertification, which could provide a new perspective for the future
research on desertification.
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