The northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains is a strategically important area for safeguarding national security in the new era and a key passage in the “Silk Road Economic Belt”, with a prominent strategic position. However, due to historical and natural reasons, the economic development in this region is relatively lagging. This paper systematically analyzes the current issues in the high-quality development in the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains, including low water utilization limit, serious lag in water conservancy construction, relatively single industrial layout, slow urbanization process with a lack of important industrial layout, and insufficient driving force for high-quality regional development. In conjunction with the regional natural environmental characteristics and development opportunities, this paper proposes to accelerate the construction of an urban cluster system for this economic belt with multi-industry coordinated development, significantly improve the water resource utilization limits and enhance water management capabilities with conservancy engineering, guarantee the water resource security for agricultural upgrading and efficiency improvement in the economic belt of the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains. It is proposed to systematically build a multi-functional agricultural-forestry-pastoral base in the region, construct a diversified food supply system, bridge the water deficit with energy, improve comprehensive resource utilization efficiency. By advantages leveraging and resource sharing between the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang and local communities, it aims to accelerate the construction and high-quality development of the economic belt of the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains. The research findings can provide technological support for ecological security and accelerating high-quality development in the economic belt of the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.